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Interdisciplinary Migration Research with a Focus on New Technologies and Multiple Crisis: Relating Birds of Passage to Social Policies
This volume brings together emerging research on migration with a focus on multiple crises, new technologies, and social policies. Most of the chapters are written by PhD students or postdocs who took part in the 25th International Metropolis Conference Berlin 2022 (IMCB22). The book presents in three sections orginal work on: digitalization and mobile worlds of work; on social policies for Migrants and Refugees; on multiple crisis and the future of migration. Dieser Sammelband bündelt wissenschaftliche Forschung zu Migration mit einem Fokus auf den Auswirkungen multipler Krisen sowie neuer Technologien auf Sozialpolitiken. Ein Großteil der Beiträge stammt von Nachwuchswissenschaftler:innen, die ihre Projekte während der internationalen Metropoliskonferenz 2022 in Berlin vorgestellt haben (IMCB22). Präsentiert werden ausschließlich Originalbeiträge zu den Themen Digitalisierung und zunehmend mobilen Arbeitswelten, zu Sozialpolitiken im Kontext von Migration und Flucht sowie zu den Auswirkungen multipler globaler Krisen auf Migrationsdynamiken.
Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan is vulnerable to transition risk due to the importance of its energy- and emissions-intensive sectors. Domestic and global climate policies would negatively affect Kazakhstan’s economy, its firms, industries, and banks, with heterogenous impacts across industries and banks. Using both micro and macro modeling approaches, the climate risk analysis suggests Kazakhstani banks are exposed to significant transition risk from domestic and, more importantly, global climate policies. The risk is especially higher for carbon intensive sectors, such as fossil fuel extraction, refining, and electricity generation. Banks with large exposure to emissions-intensive sectors experience up to 30 percent additional losses under a disorderly 1.5°C scenario over a 5-to-7-year horizon, compared to the baseline. Banks with a small share of portfolio with emissions-intensives sectors may still experience losses, as climate change mitigation actions affect the economy at large and the financial health of individual consumers, businesses, and industries.
A methodology for estimating disaster-induced crop and livestock losses at the global scale
Agriculture is particularly vulnerable to extreme climatic events, yet knowledge is lacking regarding the precise extent of losses caused by disasters in the sector. This analysis aims to provide the most extensive estimation of disaster losses (including non-hydrometeorological disasters) in the agricultural sector worldwide by including data from 197 countries and 186 commodities from 1991 to 2021, accounting for 12 000 time series and about 9 000 disaster events. The disaster events data is drawn from the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) and the records of yields, productions, cultivated areas, and prices for all commodities over the period from FAOSTAT.
The Impact of Disasters on Agriculture and Food Security 2023
Disasters are resulting in unprecedented levels of destruction across the world. These shocks and disruptions affect the functioning and sustainability of agricultural production and threaten the livelihoods of millions of people reliant on agrifood systems. Reducing the impact of disasters in agriculture requires a better understanding of the extent to which these events produce negative impacts in agriculture and necessitates an investigation into the underlying risks that make agriculture vulnerable to the effects of disasters. The FAO flagship report on ‘The Impact of Disasters on Agriculture and Food Security’ provides a timely and comprehensive overview of how disasters are affecti...
Climate Impacts on Extreme Weather
Climate Impacts on Extreme Weather: Current to Future Changes on a Local to Global Scale presents fundamentals and advances in the science of weather and climate extremes, building on the existing knowledge by using regional and global case studies. The book provides an analysis of historical and future changes, physical processes, measurements, space-time variability, socioeconomic impact, and risk management. It provides policy makers, researchers and students working in climate change with a thorough reference for understanding the diverse impacts of extreme weather and climate change on varying geographic scales. With contributions from experts across the globe, the book utilizes methods, case studies, modeling, and analysis to present valuable, up-to-date knowledge about the interaction of climate change, weather and the many implications of the changing environment. - Offers comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of climate research related to extremes - Includes both regional and global case studies for applying research to practice, providing a deeper understanding of the science - Presents both observed and projected findings using primary research and models
أثر الكوارث على الزراعة والأمن الغذائي 2023
ؤدي الكوارث إىل مستويات غري مسبوقة من الدمار يف جميع أنحاء العامل. [Author] وتؤثر هذه الصدما واالختالالت عىل أداء اإلنتاج الزراعي واستدامته، وُتُهدد ُُسبل عيش ماليني األشخاص الذين يعتمدون عىل الُُنظم الزراعية والغذائية. [Author] ويتطلب الحد من أثر الكوارث عىل الزراعة بلورة فهم أفضل آلثارها السلبية عىل الزراعة، ويتطلب ذلك إجراء بحث يتناول املخاطر األساسية التي تجعل الزراعة ضعيفة يف مواجه...
2023年灾害对农业和粮食安全的影响
灾害正在全世界造成前所未有的破坏，冲击和干扰农业生产的运作和可持续性，导致千千万万依赖农业粮食体系的民众生计面临威胁。要减少灾害的破坏力，我们需要进一步了解灾害对农业的负面影响，并深入研究使农业易受灾害影响的潜在风险。 本报告评估了过去30年来灾害给农业生产造成的损失，并深入探讨影响种植业、畜牧业、林业、渔业及水产养殖业等各细分部门的各种威胁和风险。社会和环境条件所导致的深层次因素和脆弱性进一步放大了灾害的影响，如气候变化、全球或地方流行病、冲突等，引发灾难性后果，并通过连锁效应波及整个农业粮食体系。面对这些挑战，我们需要开发新的减灾方法和应对机制。报告提供了诸多案例，展示如何通过制定战略和采取具体行动，通过投资提高韧性，积极主动地应对农业风险。报告还介绍了将减灾工作融入农业实践和政策的方法，并呼吁深入了解实际情况，因地制宜地实施这些解决方案。
L’Impact des catastrophes sur l’agriculture et la sécurité alimentaire 2023
Partout dans le monde, les catastrophes engendrent des destructions d’une ampleur inédite. [Author] Les bouleversements qui en découlent compromettent le fonctionnement et la viabilité de la production agricole et menacent les moyens d’existence de millions de personnes qui sont tributaires des systèmes agroalimentaires. [Author] Pour faire en sorte que les catastrophes soient moins dommageables pour l’agriculture, il faut comprendre quels sont leurs effets négatifs sur le secteur et analyser les facteurs de risque sous-jacents qui rendent l’agriculture vulnérable à ces effets. [Author] Le présent rapport fournit une évaluation des pertes causées par les catastrophes dans l...
Repercusiones de los desastres en la agricultura y la seguridad alimentaria 2023
Las catástrofes están causando unos niveles sin precedentes de destrucción en todo el mundo. [Author] Estas crisis y perturbaciones afectan al funcionamiento y a la sostenibilidad de la producción agrícola y amenazan los medios de vida de millones de personas que dependen de los sistemas agroalimentarios. [Author] Para reducir las repercusiones de las catástrofes en la agricultura, es necesario comprender mejor el alcance de sus efectos negativos en la agricultura e investigar los riesgos subyacentes que hacen que la agricultura sea vulnerable a los efectos de las catástrofes. [Author] En este informe se presenta una evaluación de las pérdidas causadas por los desastres en la produc...
Artificial Intelligence and Smart Vehicles
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Vehicles, ICAISV 2023, held in Tehran, Iran, during May 24-25, 2023. The 14 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 93 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: machine learning, data mining, machine vision, image processing, signal analysis, decision support systems, expert systems, and their applications in smart vehicles.
