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Speciality Wines
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 329

Speciality Wines

The issue concentrates on the history and current production practices unique to the specialty wines. This includes fortified wines, such as ports, sherries, sparkling wines, and distinctive table wines, such as vin santo, botrytised, and carbonic maceration wines. The latest important information for food scientists and nutritionists Peer-reviewed articles by a panel of respected scientists The go-to series since 1948

Understanding Wine Microbiota: Challenges and Opportunities
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 168

Understanding Wine Microbiota: Challenges and Opportunities

Wine yeast and bacteria have been extensively characterized in terms of physiological and metabolic traits largely in pure culture analyses. Winemaking practices derived from this basic knowledge have undoubtedly improved wine quality. Phylogenetic studies and genome comparisons in extensive collections have revealed the processes of evolution and adaptation of the two main microbial species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Oenococcus oeni, present in wine. However, grapes and grape juice contain a variety of microorganisms and these principal agents of fermentation are in fact part of a complex microbial community that evolves dynamically in a special niche. Thanks to the new methods of analys...

Introduction to the physics of the electric arc and its application to the welding of metals
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 251

Introduction to the physics of the electric arc and its application to the welding of metals

This book presents an overview of the electric arc characteristics, particularly those that are important for welding applications. This more scientific approach intends to provide insights for a better understanding of the phenomena that control the behavior of an arc welding process. The text aims to emphasize physical phenomena that are important to arc welding, not dealing with technological, industrial or metallurgical aspects of welding. Among other topics, the following topics are included in this manuscript: heat sources for fusion welding, electric discharges in gases, arc evaluation techniques, electric arc profile, metal transfer, wire melting rate and process stability.

Yeasts in the Production of Wine
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 523

Yeasts in the Production of Wine

It is well established that certain strains of yeasts are suitable for transforming grape sugars into alcohol, while other yeast strains are not suitable for grape fermentations. Recent progress has clearly demonstrated that the sensory profile of a wine is characteristic of each vine cultivated, and the quality and technological characteristics of the final product varies considerably due to the strains which have performed and/or dominated the fermentation process. Because of their technological properties, wine yeast strains differ significantly in their fermentation performance and in their contribution to the final bouquet and quality of wine, such as useful enzymatic activities and pro...

Microbiota of Grapes: Positive and Negative Role on Wine Quality
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 233

Microbiota of Grapes: Positive and Negative Role on Wine Quality

During spontaneous food/beverage fermentations, the microbiota associated with the raw material has a considerable importance: this microbial consortium evolves in reason of the nutrient content and of the physical, chemical, and biological determinants present in the food matrix, shaping fermentation dynamics with significant impacts on the ‘qualities’ of final productions. The selection from the indigenous micro-biodiversity of ‘virtuous’ ecotypes that coupled pro-technological and biotechnological aptitudes provide the basis for the formulation of ‘tailored’ starter cultures. In the fermenting food and beverage arena, the wine sector is generally characterized by the generatio...

Chemical/Instrumental Approaches to the Evaluation of Wine Chemistry
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 148

Chemical/Instrumental Approaches to the Evaluation of Wine Chemistry

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2020-05-27
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  • Publisher: MDPI

Wine is a widely consumed beverage due to its unique and pleasant sensory properties. Wine is composed of more than one thousand chemical compounds (e.g., alcohols, esters, acids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins, minerals, and vitamins, among others) resulting from several chemical and biochemical processes. Microextraction techniques in tandem with high-resolution analytical instruments have been applied by wine researchers to expand the knowledge of wine’s chemical composition with the purposes of improving wine quality, supporting winemaker decisions related to the winemaking process, and guaranteeing the authenticity of wine. As a result, we proposed “Chemica...

Modern Technologies and Their Influence in Fermentation Quality
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 220

Modern Technologies and Their Influence in Fermentation Quality

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2020-05-20
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  • Publisher: MDPI

During the last few years, industrial fermentation technologies have advanced in order to improve the quality of the final product. Some examples of those modern technologies are the biotechnology developments of microbial materials, such as Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts or lactic bacteria from different genera. Other technologies are related to the use of additives and adjuvants, such as nutrients, enzymes, fining agents, or preservatives and their management, which directly influence the quality and reduce the risks in final fermentation products. Other technologies are based on the management of thermal treatments, filtrations, pressure applications, ultrasounds, UV, and so on, which have also led to improvements in fermentation quality in recent years. The aim of the issue is to study new technologies able to improve the quality parameters of fermentation products, such as aroma, color, turbidity, acidity, or any other parameters related to improving sensory perception by the consumers. Food safety parameters are also included.

Functional and Comparative Genomics of Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces Yeasts: Potential for Industrial and Food Biotechnology
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 255

Functional and Comparative Genomics of Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces Yeasts: Potential for Industrial and Food Biotechnology

Since 1996, when the first Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome sequence was released, a wealth of genomic data has been made available for numerous S. cerevisiae strains, its close relatives, and non-conventional yeast species isolates of diverse origins. Several annotated genomes of interspecific hybrids, both within the Saccharomyces clade and outside, are now also available. This genomic information, together with functional genomics and genome engineering tools, is providing a holistic assessment of the complex cellular responses to environmental challenges, elucidating the processes underlying evolution, speciation, hybridization, domestication, and uncovering crucial aspects of yeasts´ ph...

Novel Food Fermentation Technologies
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 337

Novel Food Fermentation Technologies

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2016-09-30
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  • Publisher: Springer

Novel Food Fermentation Technologies provides a comprehensive overview of innovations in food fermentation technologies and their application. Current novel technologies for microbial culture production and preservation are covered in detail, as are fermentation techniques for the production of bioactives from various food matrices, including food processing by-products and waste. Readers are provided with a close look at thermal and non-thermal technologies applicable to fermented food products. The text covers immobilization, microencapsulation technologies and novel preservation techniques for cultures in fermentation. In-depth studies of high pressure processing, pulsed electric field, p...