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This publication is the third in a series of annual reports giving a comparative analysis of business regulations and their enforcement across 155 countries and over time. Comparable data indicators are given for 10 topics: starting a business, dealing with licences, hiring and firing workers, registering property, getting credit, investment protection, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, and closing a business. These indicators are used to assess socio-economic outcomes including levels of unemployment and poverty, productivity, investment and corruption; and to identify which regulatory measures enhance business activity and those that work to constrain it. This is a co-publication of the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation.
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability throughout the world. About one in three symptomatic strokes are due to disease of small perforating arteries; however, most effective interventions are targeted at disease of large arteries. The underlying mechanisms and treatment of small vessel disease remain poorly understood. Microbleeds have emerged as a critical imaging marker of small vessel disease, being found in all types of stroke. With increasing evidence that microbleeds are caused by hypertensive arteriopathy and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, they are likely to play a strong future role in increasing our understanding of the causes of small vessel disease and the potential link between cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Cerebral Microbleeds summarizes our current knowledge, bringing together expert research from global authorities in the field. This authoritative and systematic text will be of interest to all clinical researchers and physicians in the fields of stroke and cognitive impairment.
With over half the world's population now deemed to be urbanised, cities are assuming a larger role in political debates about the security and sustainability of the global food system. Hence, planning for sustainable food production and consumption is becoming an increasingly important issue for planners, policymakers, designers, farmers, suppliers, activists, business and scientists alike. The rapid growth of the food planning movement owes much to the fact that food, because of its unique, multi-functional character, helps to bring people together from all walks of life. In the wider contexts of global climate change, resource depletion, a burgeoning world population, competing food produ...
This book presents regenerative strategies for the treatment of knee joint disabilities. The book is composed of four main sections totaling 19 chapters which review the current knowledge on the clinical management and preclinical regenerative strategies. It examines the role of different natural-based biomaterials as scaffolds and implants for addressing different tissue lesions in the knee joint. Section one provides an updated and comprehensive discussion on articular cartilage tissue regeneration. Section two focuses on the important contributions for bone and osteochondral tissue engineering. Section three overview the recent advances on meniscus repair/regeneration strategies. Finally, section four further discusses the current strategies for treatment of ligament lesions. Each chapter is prepared by world know expert on their fields, so we do firmly believe that the proposed book will be a reference in the area of biomaterials for regenerative medicine.
This book provides a comprehensive review of the diagnosis, management and treatment of sports injuries to the foot and ankle. The editors have assembled a list of contributors at the top of their field to define the medical management, treatment and surgery for the most common and highly debilitating sports injuries. Currently, foot and ankle injuries are the most common musculoskeletal injuries, thus this book fills the clear need for a state-of-the art resource that focuses upon this growing area of orthopaedic practice. Foot and Ankle Sports Orthopaedics is highly relevant to orthopaedic surgeons, sports orthopaedic surgeons and medical professionals dealing with sports injuries around the F&A. With clear and didactic information and superb illustrations, this book will prove to be an indispensable learning tool for readers seeking expert guidance to further their surgical skills in this area.
Can animals act morally? Philosophical tradition answers "no," and has apparently convincing arguments on its side. Cognitive ethology supplies a growing body of empirical evidence that suggests these arguments are wrong. This groundbreaking book assimilates both philosophical and ethological frameworks into a unified whole and argues for a qualified "yes."