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How to Manage Fiscal Risks from Subnational Governments
Subnational governments can create sizable fiscal risks for central governments. In addition to impacting service delivery at the grassroots level, unsustainable subnational finances can be a continuous drain on central resources. The need for stronger public financial management systems and capacities to analyze and manage risks at the subnational government level cannot be overemphasized. Central governments need to develop sound institutional mechanisms to systematically monitor the health of subnational finances to be able to proactively manage associated risks. This How to Note provides a framework for central governments that seek to assess and manage fiscal risks stemming from weak subnational finances. It analyzes the sources of subnational finance vulnerabilities and argues that central governments would benefit from putting in place the following: (1) a stronger regulatory framework, (2) improved fiscal reporting, and (3) enhanced central oversight. The lessons distilled from the international experience are particularly useful for developing economies where the management of risks can be improved.
Managing Budgetary Virements
Virements are useful instruments of budget flexibility. If carried out transparently and within accepted limits, virements can promote expenditure efficiency. Large, unregulated virements can undermine budget credibility and the budget’s relevance as principal policy and financial planning instrument. This note defines virements, clarifies their purpose, and specifies what general and country-specific considerations should guide the design of a virement framework. The note argues that countries should design virement policies maintaining balance between their budget flexibility and accountability needs, and keeping in view the legal-cultural environment and the state of development of their public financial management.
Vitreoretinal Surgery
The value of this book lies in the quality and expertise of the text chapters contributed by multiple international experts across the globe. Clearly written by the contributors providing a global perspective about the subject. Attempts to update the state-of-the-art vitreoretinal surgery in a lucid, authoritative and well-illustrated manner. Detailed reference lists following each chapter provide extensive background support for the text. Outstanding illustrations combined with excellent schematic drawings, beautiful clinical photographs, fluorescein angiograms, and OCT images. Illustrations.
Internet of Things
This book covers major areas of device and data security and privacy related to the Internet of Things (IoT). It also provides an overview of light-weight protocols and cryptographic mechanisms to achieve security and privacy in IoT applications. Besides, the book also discusses intrusion detection and firewall mechanisms for IoT. The book also covers topics related to embedded security mechanisms and presents suitable malware detection techniques for IoT. The book also contains a unique presentation on heterogeneous device and data management in IoT applications and showcases the major communication-level attacks and defense mechanisms related to IoT.
Maldives
In their effort to strengthen fiscal management, the authorities in the Maldives are aiming to develop a legal framework for the country’s Sovereign Development Fund (SDF) to provide it a firm legal basis and establish its governance, accountability, and reporting arrangements. An IMF team supported the authorities in this endeavor with advice on key design choices involving the SDF’s objectives, operational policies, and interaction with the country’s broader fiscal management framework. This note summarizes the mission’s analysis and recommendations.
Data Analytics and Digital Transformation
Understanding the significance of data analytics is paramount for digital transformation but in many organizations they are separate units without fully aligned goals. As organizations are applying digital transformations to be adaptive and agile in a competitive environment, data analytics can play a critical role in their success. This book explores the crossroads between them and how to leverage their connection for improved business outcomes. The need to collaborate and share data is becoming an integral part of digital transformation. This not only creates new opportunities but also requires well-considered and continuously assessed decision-making as competitiveness is at stake. This b...
Diabetic Macular Edema
The book focuses on diabetic macular edema and provides comprehensive practical knowledge on the subject. This timely book summarizes all the aspects of diabetic macular edema. The book is edited by leading authorities of vitreoretinal diseases having expertise in diabetic macular edema. It comprises over dozen chapters, authored by a subject authority in the world. Chapters provide diagnostic, medical and surgical approach. The book is clinically relevant, covers application of the latest clinical trials as well as application of novel imaging technologies. It includes uniquely structured chapters for easy learning. The book is beneficial to ophthalmic resident doctors, retina fellows and practicing retina specialists throughout the world.
DATA MINING AND WAREHOUSING
Description:The book has been written in such a way that the concepts are explained in detail, giving adequate emphasis on examples. To make clarity on the topic, diagrams are given extensively throughout the text. The book discusses design issues for phases of mining in substantial depth. The stress is more on problem solving.Various Comprehensive coverage of various aspects of Data Mining and Warehousing conceptsStrictly in accordance for the syllabus covered under B.E./B.Tech/MCASimple language, crystal clear approach, straight forward comprehensible presentationAdopting user friendly classroom lecture styleThe concepts are duly supported by sever examplesSyllabus coverage of three universities UPTU, RTU and RGPVTable Of Contents:Chapter 1 : Introduction To Data MiningChapter 2 : Concept DescriptionChapter 3 : Association Rule MiningChapter 4 : Classification and PredictionsChapter 5 : Cluster AnalysisChapter 6 : Introduction to Data WarehouseChapter 7 : OLAP TechnologyChapter 8 : Advance Topic On Data Mining and Warehousing
DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM
Description:The book has been written in such a way that the concepts are explained in detail, giving adequate emphasis on examples. To make clarity on the topic, diagrams are given extensively throughout the text. Various questions are included the vary widely in type and difficulty to understand the text. The book discusses design issues for phases of Distributed System in substantial depth. The stress is more on problem solving. The students preparing for PHD entrance will also get benefit from this text, for them University questions are also given.Table Of Contents:Chapter 1 : Introduction To Distributed SystemChapter 2 : System ModelsChapter 3 : Theoretical FoundationChapter 4 : Distributed Mutual ExclusionChapter 5 : Distributed Deadlock DetectionChapter 6 : Agreement ProtocolChapter 7 : Distributed File SystemChapter 8 : Distributed Shared MemoryChapter 9 : Failure Recovery In Distributed SystemChapter 10 : Fault ToleranceChapter 11 : Transaction and Concurrency ControlChapter 12 : Distributed TransactionChapter 13 : Replication
The Diary of a Snake Charmer
“‘Utthisht Bharat,’ he said, and in that magical moment I felt that the river, the trees, and the sky…were saying, ‘Utthisht Bharat.’ I got up, never to look back or have doubts again.” Just as the Bharata of yore responded to the Lord’s call to rise up from dejection, to fulfill his glorious destiny, this modern day Bharat too rises up from the pits of despair and defeat, to set out steadily on his appointed path of duty. Bharat, an IITian, with a management degree from IIM, had a ‘successful’ innings in the corporate world, with overseas postings too. Having acquired a substantial bank balance, he has the urge to set up a business in rural India, which will bring greate...
