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In this article the author uses techniques from algebraic geometry and homological algebra, together with ideas from string theory to construct a class of 3-dimensional Calabi-Yau algebras. The Calabi-Yau property appears throughout geometry and string theory and is increasingly being studied in algebra. He further shows that the algebras constructed are examples of non-commutative crepant resolutions (NCCRs), in the sense of Van den Bergh, of Gorenstein affine toric threefolds. Dimer models, first studied in theoretical physics, give a way of writing down a class of non-commutative algebras, as the path algebra of a quiver with relations obtained from a `superpotential'. Some examples are Calabi-Yau and some are not. The author considers two types of `consistency' conditions on dimer models, and shows that a `geometrically consistent' dimer model is `algebraically consistent'. He proves that the algebras obtained from algebraically consistent dimer models are 3-dimensional Calabi-Yau algebras. This is the key step which allows him to prove that these algebras are NCCRs of the Gorenstein affine toric threefolds associated to the dimer models.
Molecular dynamics is a well-established technique for simulating complex many-particle systems in many areas of physics, chemistry, and astrophysics. The huge computational requirements for simulations of large systems, especially with long-range forces, demand the use of massively parallel computers. Designing efficient algorithms for these problems is a highly non-trivial task.This book contains the invited talks and abstracts presented at a conference by more than 100 researchers from various fields: computer science, solid state physics, high energy physics, polymers, biochemistry, granular materials and astrophysics. Most of the contributions have been written by users of massively parallel computers and deal with practical issues, but there are also contributions tackling more fundamental algorithmic problems.
A concise guide to the essential language of medicine. More than 35,000 entries. Pronunciations provided for all entries. Covers brand names and generic equivalents of common drugs.
A newly updated edition of the dictionary features more than 200,000 definitions, as well as revised charts and tables, proofreaders' marks, synonym lists, word histories, and context examples.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling, SBP-BRiMS 2020, which was planned to take place in Washington, DC, USA. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held online during October 18–21, 2020. The 33 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 66 submissions. A wide number of disciplines are represented including computer science, psychology, sociology, communication science, public health, bioinformatics, political science, and organizational science. Numerous types of computational methods are used, such as machine learning, language technology, social network analysis and visualization, agent-based simulation, and statistics.