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The United Nations in Global Tax Coordination
"The United Nations in Global Tax Coordination fills the decade-long knowledge gap in international tax history concerning the UN Fiscal Commission that functioned as the overarching fiscal authority in the early years of the post-World War II economic order. With insights from political economy and international relations scholarship, this critical archival examination presents the story of tenacious activism by post-colonial developing countries to preserve source taxation rights and by the UN Secretariat in championing the development of equitable tax rules - activism that would lead developed countries to oust the UN as a forum for international tax norm setting. The book includes a revealing prehistory of the wartime work of the League of Nation's Princeton Mission that questions the legitimacy of the Mexico Model, the first model tax convention between developed and developing countries. This expertly researched work offers new knowledge that is essential reading on the roles of politics, states, secretariats, and private actors in directing global tax coordination. Nikki Jern-li Teo is a post-doctoral research affiliate at the University of Sydney"--
The United Nations in Global Tax Coordination
The United Nations in Global Tax Coordination fills the decade-long knowledge gap in international tax history concerning the UN Fiscal Commission, which functioned as the overarching fiscal authority during the early post-World War II economic order. With insights from political economy and international relations scholarship, this critical archival examination chronicles the tenacious activism by post-colonial developing countries to preserve source taxation rights, and by the UN Secretariat in championing the development of equitable tax rules. Such activism would ultimately lead developed countries to oust the UN as a forum for international tax norm setting. The book includes a revealing prehistory of the wartime work of the League of Nations that questions the legitimacy of the Mexico Model, the first model tax convention between developed and developing countries. This expertly researched work is essential reading for understanding the roles of politics, states, secretariats and private actors in directing global tax coordination.
International Tax as International Law
This book explains how the tax rules of the various countries in the world interact with one another to form an international tax regime: a set of principles embodied in both domestic legislation and treaties that significantly limits the ability of countries to choose any tax rules they please. The growth of this international tax regime is an important part of the phenomenon of globalization, and the book delves into how tax revenues are divided among different countries. It also explains how U.S. tax rules in particular apply to cross-border transactions and how they embody the norms of the international tax regime.
Double Taxation and the League of Nations
Modern-day tax treaties have their foundations in one of the three Model Tax Treaties developed by the League of Nations in 1928. Using previously unexplored archival material, Sunita Jogarajan provides the first in-depth examination of the development of the League's Models. This new research provides insights into questions such as the importance of double taxation versus tax evasion; the preference for source-taxation versus residence-taxation; the influence of theory and practice on the League's work; the development of bilateral rather than multilateral treaties; the influence of developing countries on the League's work; the role of Commentary in interpreting model tax treaties; and the influential factors and key individuals involved. A better understanding of the development of the original models will inform and help guide interpretation and reform of modern-day tax treaties. Additionally, this book will be of interest to scholars of international relations and the development of law at international organisations.
Luca
*For readers 18+ years. Some sensitive and sexual content*Chloe EllisWhat you're about to read is my story, my truth. A truth that spans over twenty years of a love for two brothers. A love that was cruel, sometimes harsh and raw but for me always honest and true. An adopted little sister to one, but to the other so much more. Ours was a love that defied all reason. It pushed us to our limits. It was never easy, but nothing worth having ever is; and Luca Marquez is so worth having. He's mine, he always has been and no one will take him away from me.Luca MarquezI've loved her forever but I couldn't make her mine, not until the day she walked into my club and needed my protection. She brought light into my darkness and warmed my stone cold heart. Chloe Ellis is my whole world, but she doesn't know that yet. Luca's world stops on the day his precious Chloe is taken from him. Faced with an impossible situation he will stop at nothing to save her. Even if that means slaughtering anyone who gets in his way, or tearing down whole cities to find her. He'll do anything for her and he'll never let her go again.A happy ever after romance with no cheating and no cliffhanger.
The Dynamics of Global Economic Governance
ÔThis book is an exceptionally interesting and well-researched analysis of one of the most important reforms in global governance that have been put into place in the wake of the global financial crisis that began in 2007. Eccleston insightfully draws on and contributes to theories of global governance, explaining the surprisingly innovative and successful aspects of the global arrangements for combating tax evasion while also highlighting their deficiencies.Õ Ð Tony Porter, McMaster University, Canada ÔIn the atmosphere of fiscal emergency after the financial crisis, international tax policy has become a critical concern. There is no better guide to inter-linked political and economic c...
European Union Corporate Tax Law
How does EU law affect Member State corporate tax systems and the cross-border activities of companies? This unique study traces the historical development of EU corporate tax law and provides an in-depth analysis of a number of issues affecting companies, groups of companies and permanent establishments. Existing legislation, soft-law and the case-law of the Court of Justice are examined. The proposed CCCTB Directive and its potential application through enhanced co-operation are also considered. In addition to the tax issues pertaining to direct investment, the author examines the taxation of passive investment income, corporate reorganisations, exit taxes and the restrictive effect of domestic anti-abuse regimes. By doing so, the convergences and divergences arising from the interplay of EU corporate tax law and international tax law, especially the OECD model, are uncovered and highlighted.
Augmented Cognition: Intelligent Technologies
This two-volume set LNCS 10915 and 10916 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12h International Conference on Augmented Cognition, AC 2018, held as part of the 20th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2018, in Las Vegas, NV, USA in July 2018. The 1171 papers presented at HCII 2018 conferences were carefully reviewed and selected from 4346 submissions. The papers cover the entire field of human-computer interaction, addressing major advances in knowledge and effective use of computers in a variety of applications areas. The papers in this volume are organized in the following topical sections: context aware adaption strategies in augmented cognition, brain sensors and measures for operational environments, artificial intelligence and machine learning in augmented cognition, augmented cognition in virtual and mixed reality.
