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The Nyaya-sutra
Often translated simply as "logic," the Sanskrit word nyāya means "rule of reasoning" or "method of reasoning." Texts from the school of classical Indian philosophy that bears this name are concerned with cognition, reasoning, and the norms that govern rational debate. This translation of selections from the early school of Nyāya focuses on its foundational text, the Nyāya-sūtra (c. 200 CE), with excerpts from the early commentaries. It will be welcomed by specialists and non-specialists alike seeking an accessible text that both represents some of the best of Indian philosophical thought and can be integrated into courses on Indian philosophy, religion, and intellectual culture.
Nyaya Panchayats as Instruments of Justice
With reference to India.
Nyāya Sūtra – on Philosophical Method
Nyāya Sūtra offers a new English translation of the text ascribed to Akṣapāda, an Indian philosopher who lived around the beginning of the Common Era. The translation is accompanied by the original Sanskrit text and an original commentary. The commentary explains every sūtra separately and identifies the sources of the Nyāya Sūtra. It analyses the way older ideas on epistemology, logic, and soteriology were presented as a new coherent system of thought. The book puts forward the main goal of the Nyāya Sūtra: to define what it considered the basic tenets of a soteriology and how the goal of this soteriology could be reached by rationally applying epistemological and logical methods ...
Epistemology in Classical India
In this book, Phillips gives an overview of the contribution of Nyaya--the classical Indian school that defends an externalist position about knowledge as well as an internalist position about justification. Nyaya literature extends almost two thousand years and comprises hundreds of texts, and in this book, Phillips presents a useful overview of the under-studied system of thought. For the philosopher rather than the scholar of Sanskrit, the book makes a whole range of Nyaya positions and arguments accessible to students of epistemology who are unfamiliar with classical Indian systems.
Gautama
In this study of the Nyaya Philosophy as propounded by Gautama and explained by Vatsyayana and Uddyotakara, the author has examined the empirical foundations of its theory of cognition and proof and the validity of the conclusions based on them. The analysis reveals that the Nyaya theory does not warrant the nature, career and destiny of the self (atman). The conceptual framework rests upon the questionable assumption that not only is the experience of the expert (apta) incorrigible but his communication of that experience is authentic. The framework can only be understood in its social context. The author maintains that Indian religious and philosophical thought must be judged not only in the light of criteria generally accepted in these fields but also in the broad perspective of the social and intellectual background of the thinkers usually regarded as rsis beyond the pale of society. The study is both a challenge to the traditional presentation of the Indian cultural heritage and a constructive hypothesis for further research and reappraisal on new lines.
The Hindu Realism
This book provides a comprehensive account of the Nyaya-Vaisheshika teachings. Nyaya and Vaisheshika are two of the six philosophical systems of Hinduism, much less known in the West than the more popular Yoga and Vedanta systems. Nyaya teaches reasoning to determine what is valid knowledge, and Vaisheshika teaches what are the ultimate constituents of the universe. The author wrote this book after seeing how little understood was Indian philosophy in the West. He tried to take account of Western presuppositions in presenting this Indian system. At the same time, he followed the Indian practice of adopting the Nyaya-Vaisheshika position as his own while writing about it.
Taxmann's Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 [Bare Act with Section Notes] – Comprehensive Reference Consolidating—Legislative Text | Comparative Tables | Cross-References | Section Notes
Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 [Bare Act with Section Notes] by Taxmann is a concise yet authoritative reference that combines the full legislative text of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS), comparative tables, cross-references, and expert 'section notes' into one publication. It elucidates modern substantive criminal provisions, especially for electronic/digital scenarios, and clarifies how they align with or deviate from the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC). It offers a thorough and authoritative understanding of India's new penal law regime under the BNS, ensuring clarity for legal practitioners, the judiciary, policymakers, academicians, researchers, and students. The Present Publicati...
Taxmann's Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023 – Comprehensive Legal Resource with Bare Act | Comparative Study | Section-wise Tables | Section/Alphabetical Key | Guide to Punishment for Offences
This comprehensive legal resource focuses on the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, offering a detailed comparison with the Indian Penal Code 1860 and a guide to punishment for offences. Notable for its innovative features, this book includes tables, a section & alphabetical key for comparison, a subject index, and a comparative study, making it easier to understand and compare the new legislation with its historical counterpart. It is an invaluable tool for the judiciary, legal professionals, enforcement agencies, government bodies, students, and the general public. The Present Publication is the 2025 Edition, authored/edited by Taxmann's Editorial Board, provides extensive coverage, inclu...
