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Quando as partes são pessoas de pequeno poder, os juízes quase não recebem pressões. Porém, quando uma das partes é poderosa, as pressões quase sempre estão presentes, inclusive através de peças processuais tentando conduzir o processo. Só num Mundo de juízes imparciais e reativos às pressões seria possível a prevalência dos critérios de justiça. Num sistema democrático, objetivando maximizar a justiça, convém minimizar o poder de decisão dos juízes, o que pode ser feito pelas várias formas de subsunção, em variados sistemas de governo. Isto posto, fica claro que a busca da subsunção através de critérios de justiça constitui a essência e a razão de ser do Dir...
What place do reason and emotion have in justice and the law? This thought-provoking text brings together leading lawyers and legal philosophers to argue that law gains legitimacy and effectiveness when reason recognizes and embraces human emotions for the benefit of society as a whole.
Os presentes comentários à Lei de Execução Penal, em sua 2a edição, apresentam um conjunto de notas elucidativas em relação a cada um dos 240 (duzentos e quarenta) dispositivos, incisos, parágrafos e alíneas que integram o corpo da Lei Federal no 7.210, de 1984, a denominada Lei de Execução Penal, que entrou em vigor na mesma data da grande reforma realizada na Parte Geral do Código Penal de 1940, realizada pela Lei no 7.209. Depois da sua aprovação, a Lei de Execução Penal (LEP), vem sofrendo constantes alterações legislativas, mas, sem dúvidas, com advento da vigência da Lei no 13.964, de 2019, a Lei Anticrime, essas modificações foram mais profundas, exigindo, por i...
Now a classic in the field, used by students of the Golden Dawn as well as by those who want to understand Crowley's tarot. This is the definitive study of the Egyptian tarot and is used as a key to all Western mystery disciplines. Color plates of eight cards.
The theme arises from the legal-academic movement "Law and Literature". This newly developed field should aim at two major goals, first, to investigate the meaning of law in a social context by questioning how the characters appearing in literary works understand and behave themselves to the law (law in literature), and second, to find out a theoretical solution of the methodological question whether and to what extent the legal text can be interpreted objectively in comparison with the question how literary works should be interpreted (law as literature). The subject of justice and injustice has been covered not only in treatises of law and philosophy, but also in many works of literature: On the one hand, poets and writers have been outraged at the social conditions of their time. On the other hand, some of them have also contributed fundamental reflections on the idea of justice itself.
In consequence of an increased interest in problems relating to human action, normative concepts have been much discussed by philosophers and logicians in the past twenty years. Deontic logic, which deals with the normative use of language and such normative concepts as obligation, prohibition and permission, has become one of the most intensively cultivated areas of formal logic. Important investigations have been carried out which have shed considerable light on various aspects of the normative phenomenon and a great number of different systems of deontic logic have been developed. This progressive proliferation of deontic logics not only shows the great interest of logicians in normative ...
This book explores the interrelation of facts and norms. How does law originate in the first place? What lies at the roots of this phenomenon? How is it preserved? And how does it come to an end? Questions like these led Georg Jellinek to speak of the “normative force of the factual” in the early 20th century, emphasizing the human tendency to infer rules from recurring events, and to perceive a certain practice not only as a fact but as a norm; a norm which not only allows us to distinguish regularity from irregularity, but at the same time, to treat deviances as transgressions. Today, Jellinek’s concept still provides astonishing insights on the dichotomy of “is” and “ought to ...