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This book is a collection of papers devoted to the emergence and development in Bulgarian Academy of Sciences of some of the areas of informatics, including artificial intelligence. The papers are prepared by specialists from the Academy, some of whom are among the founders of these scientific and application areas in Bulgaria and in some cases – in the world. The book is interesting for specialists in informatics and computer science and researchers in history of sciences.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Fuzzy Mathematics" that was published in Mathematics
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With interdisciplinary perspectives from internationally renowned experts, Noble-Metal-Free Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Energy is one of the most authoritative references to focus solely on state-of-the-art knowledge of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts, as well as their nanostructures and unique properties. The chapters within contain cutting-edge breakthroughs, horizons, and insights into functional materials for energy applications.This book contains over 3000 references and 200 figures, and is a highly valuable resource for scientists, students, and engineers working in the fields of electrochemistry, catalysis, fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors.
The primary purpose of this book is to show that a multilayer neural network can be considered as a multistage system, and then that the learning of this class of neural networks can be treated as a special sort of the optimal control problem. In this way, the optimal control problem methodology, like dynamic programming, with modifications, can yield a new class of learning algorithms for multilayer neural networks. Another purpose of this book is to show that the generalized net theory can be successfully used as a new description of multilayer neural networks. Several generalized net descriptions of neural networks functioning processes are considered, namely: the simulation process of ne...
This volume is dedicated to the memory of Professor Ashley Morris who passed away some two years ago. Ashley was a close friend of all of us, the editors of this volume, and was also a Ph.D. student of one of us. We all had a chance to not only fully appreciate, and be inspired by his contributions, which have had a considerable impact on the entire research community. Due to our personal relations with Ashley, we also had an opportunity to get familiar with his deep thinking about the areas of his expertise and interests. Ashley has been involved since the very beginning of his professional career in database research and practice. Notably, he introduced first some novel solution in databas...
This book presents a broad variety of different contemporary IT methods and applications in Intelligent Systems is displayed. Every book chapter represents a detailed, specific, far reaching and original re-search in a respective scientific and practical field. However, all of the chapters share the common point of strong similarity in a sense of being innovative, applicable and mutually compatible with each other. In other words, the methods from the different chapters can be viewed as bricks for building the next generation “thinking machines” as well as for other futuristic logical applications that are rapidly changing our world nowadays.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Numerical Methods and Applications, NMA 2022, held in Borovets, Bulgaria, in August 2022.The 30 revised regular papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 38 submissions for inclusion in this book. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: numerical search and optimization; problem-driven numerical method: motivation and application, numerical methods for fractional diffusion problems; orthogonal polynomials and numerical quadratures; and Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo methods.
This issue of ECS Transactions reports on research, development, and engineering of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs), as well as low-temperature direct-fuel cells using either anion or cation exchange membranes. It discusses diagnostic techniques and systems design for both acid and alkaline fuel cells, catalysts and membranes for acid fuel cells, and catalysts and membranes for alkaline fuel cells.
Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs) are innovative and sustainable devices. They combine biological and electrochemical processes to engineer sensors, treat wastewater and/or produce electricity, fuel or high-value chemicals. In BESs, scientists have managed to incorporate biological catalysts, i.e. enzymes and/or microorganisms, and make them work in advanced electrochemical cells. BESs operate under mild conditions — at close to ambient temperature and pressure and at circumneutral pH — and represent a sustainable alternative to precious metal-based systems. Incorporating biological catalysts into devices while maintaining their activity and achieving electrical communication with electrode surfaces is a critical challenge when trying to advance the field of BESs.From implantable enzymatic biosensors to microbial electrosynthesis, and from laboratory-scale systems and fundamental studies to marketed devices, this book provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances related to functional electrodes for BESs. Suitable for researchers and graduate students of chemistry, biochemistry, materials science and environmental science and technology.