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This book is a collection of papers devoted to the emergence and development in Bulgarian Academy of Sciences of some of the areas of informatics, including artificial intelligence. The papers are prepared by specialists from the Academy, some of whom are among the founders of these scientific and application areas in Bulgaria and in some cases – in the world. The book is interesting for specialists in informatics and computer science and researchers in history of sciences.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Fuzzy Mathematics" that was published in Mathematics
This book presents a broad variety of different contemporary IT methods and applications in Intelligent Systems is displayed. Every book chapter represents a detailed, specific, far reaching and original re-search in a respective scientific and practical field. However, all of the chapters share the common point of strong similarity in a sense of being innovative, applicable and mutually compatible with each other. In other words, the methods from the different chapters can be viewed as bricks for building the next generation “thinking machines” as well as for other futuristic logical applications that are rapidly changing our world nowadays.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Numerical Methods and Applications, NMA 2022, held in Borovets, Bulgaria, in August 2022.The 30 revised regular papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 38 submissions for inclusion in this book. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: numerical search and optimization; problem-driven numerical method: motivation and application, numerical methods for fractional diffusion problems; orthogonal polynomials and numerical quadratures; and Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo methods.
This issue of ECS Transactions reports on research, development, and engineering of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs), as well as low-temperature direct-fuel cells using either anion or cation exchange membranes. It discusses diagnostic techniques and systems design for both acid and alkaline fuel cells, catalysts and membranes for acid fuel cells, and catalysts and membranes for alkaline fuel cells.
Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs) are innovative and sustainable devices. They combine biological and electrochemical processes to engineer sensors, treat wastewater and/or produce electricity, fuel or high-value chemicals. In BESs, scientists have managed to incorporate biological catalysts, i.e. enzymes and/or microorganisms, and make them work in advanced electrochemical cells. BESs operate under mild conditions — at close to ambient temperature and pressure and at circumneutral pH — and represent a sustainable alternative to precious metal-based systems. Incorporating biological catalysts into devices while maintaining their activity and achieving electrical communication with electrode surfaces is a critical challenge when trying to advance the field of BESs.From implantable enzymatic biosensors to microbial electrosynthesis, and from laboratory-scale systems and fundamental studies to marketed devices, this book provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances related to functional electrodes for BESs. Suitable for researchers and graduate students of chemistry, biochemistry, materials science and environmental science and technology.
Enzymatic biofuel cells, in contrast to conventional energy systems, use enzymes as catalysts for the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. These enzymes can also catalyze fuels such as sucrose, fructose and glucose. In addition to their use as catalysts, they are biocompatible in nature. Due to this fact, enzymatic biofuel cells have many interesting applications, such as implantable gadgets (biosensors, pacemakers, catheters, defibrillators, insulin pumps, self-controlled artificial muscles etc.). The book presents various aspects of biofuel cells including fuel cell electrochemistry, use of enzyme and enzyme immobilization techniques, use of materials such as mesoporous materials, graphene composites, conducting polymer composites and applications of biofuel cells. Keywords: Fuel Cells, Biofuel cells, Enzyme Catalysts, Energy Conversion, Fuel catalysis, Sucrose Fuel, Fructose Fuel, Glucose Fuel, Implantable Gadgets, Biosensors, Pacemakers, Catheters, Defibrillators, Insulin pumps, Artificial Muscles, Mesoporous Materials, Graphene Composites, Conducting polymers, Fuel Cell Electrochemistry, Fuel Cell Applications
The Specialist Periodical Report Electrochemistry presents comprehensive and critical reviews in all aspects of the field, with contributions from across the globe, providing the reader with an informed digest of the most important research currently carried out in this field. Re-launching in 2015 with a new editorial team, Volume 13 returns to its roots and provides a wide range of topics written by leading experts researching at the forefront and heart of electrochemistry. The book covers topics such as control and structural analysis, and combines different approaches on utilizing light as a source for materials science. This volume is a key reference in the field of electrochemistry, allowing readers to become easily acquainted with the latest research trends.
Redox Polymers for Energy and Nanomedicine highlights trends in the chemistry, characterization and application of polymers with redox properties.
POROUS PLASTICS A unique book by a well-known polymer scientist on a subject that is trending in plastics/polymer engineering. Porous polymers are materials that are having pores in their design. Porous polymers are important for various fields of application and are used with pores of different sizes, i.e., from macropores to micropores. This book focuses on the issues of porous polymers as well as low molecular compounds that can be introduced in porous polymers. The book begins with a chapter about polymers that are used for porous materials. Here, among others, microporous polymer networks, hyper-crosslinked polymers, and rigid ladder-type porous polymers are detailed. Related issues are...