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Goodness and Rightness in Thomas Aquinas's Summa Theologiae
This appraisal of two of the most fundamental terms in the moral language of Thomas Aquinas draws on the contemporary moral distinction between the goodness of a person and the rightness of a person's living. Keenan thus finds that Aquinas's earlier writings do not permit the possibility of such a distinction. But in his mature works, specifically the Summa Theologiae, Thomas describes the human act of moral intentionality, and even the virtues in a way analogous to our use of the term moral rightness. To Thomas, only the virtue of charity expresses moral goodness. And, although Thomas describes vices and sin as wrong conduct, he never really develops a description for moral badness.Keenan c...
Kant's Defense of Common Moral Experience
This book argues that everything important about Kant's moral philosophy emerges from common human experience of the conflict between happiness and morality.
Kant's Conception of Moral Character
Currently fashionable among critics of enlightenment thought is the charge that Kant's ethics fails to provide an adequate account of character and its formation in moral and political life. G. Felicitas Munzel challenges this reading of Kant's thought, claiming not only that Kant has a very rich notion of moral character, but also that it is a conception of systematic importance for his thought, linking the formal moral with the critical, aesthetic, anthropological, and biological aspects of his philosophy. The first book to focus on character formation in Kant's moral philosophy, it builds on important recent work on Kant's aesthetics and anthropology, and brings these to bear on moral issues. Munzel traces Kant's multifaceted definition of character through the broad range of his writings, and then explores the structure of character, its actual exercise in the world, and its cultivation. An outstanding work of original textual analysis and interpretation, Kant's Conception of Moral Character is a major contribution to Kant studies and moral philosophy in general.
The Genesis of Kant's Critique of Judgment
In this philosophically sophisticated and historically significant work, John H. Zammito reconstructs Kant's composition of The Critique of Judgment and reveals that it underwent three major transformations before publication. He shows that Kant not only made his "cognitive" turn, expanding the project from a "Critique of Taste" to a Critique of Judgment but he also made an "ethical" turn. This "ethical" turn was provoked by controversies in German philosophical and religious culture, in particular the writings of Johann Herder and the Sturm und Drang movement in art and science, as well as the related pantheism controversy. Such topicality made the Third Critique pivotal in creating a "Kant...
Tolerance and Intolerance
This wide-ranging collection explores the issue of tolerance during the period of the Crusades through the treatment of prisoners, the ransom of captives, and the problems faced by many groups. One of the central issues revolves around the attitudes of the participants. There were significant differences between Latin and Eastern Christians as well as between Christians and Muslims and among Christians, Muslims, and Jews. But, too, an exaggerated emphasis on the religious roots of intolerance has oversimplified the ways in which ideas of tolerance developed. The essays explore these relationships in their complexity in order to penetrate those generalizations that have often distorted more than enlightened. Tolerance and intolerance therefore are terms that can obscure as much as enlighten. What the reader discovers in this collection is that these attitudes play an important role in the shaping of international relations. Cross-cultural cooperation was not rare—not entirely surprising given the diversity of groups involved.
Dust Bound for Heaven
In Dust Bound for Heaven Reinhard Hütter shows how Thomas Aquinas's view of the human being as dust bound for heaven weaves together elements of two questions without fusion or reduction. Does humanity still have an insatiable thirst for God that sends each person on an irrepressible religious quest that only the vision of God can quench? Or must the human being, living after the fall, become a "new creation" in order to be readied for heaven? Hütter also applies Thomas's anthropology to a host of pressing contemporary concerns, including the modern crisis of faith and reason, political theology, the relationship between divine grace and human freedom, and many more. The concluding chapter explores the Christological center of Thomas's theology.
Kant's Theory of Freedom
An innovative and comprehensive interpretation of Kant's concept of freedom analyzes the role it plays in his moral philosophy and psychology and considers critical literature on the subject.
Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals
Kant’s Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals from 1785 is one of the most important and influential texts in the whole history of philosophy. Its central purpose is to develop the categorical imperative. The present collected volume contains papers on central theoretical aspects. Key Features: Contributions from leading international authorities in Kant research A reflection of the current state of research together with new aspects
Kant and Milton
Kant and Milton brings to bear new evidence and long-neglected materials to show the importance of Kant’s encounter with Milton’s poetry to the formation of Kant’s moral and aesthetic thought. Sanford Budick reveals the relation between a poetic vision and a philosophy that theorized what that poetry was doing. As Plato and Aristotle contemplate Homer, so Kant contemplates Milton. In all these cases philosophy and poetry allow us to better understand each other. Milton gave voice to the transformation of human understanding effected by the Protestant Revolt, making poetry of the idea that human reason is created self-sufficient. Kant turned that religiously inflected poetry into the ri...
The Roman Catholic Church - A Critical Appraisal
The Roman Catholic Church is the largest denomination with 1.1 billion adherents. Recently the pope Benedict XVI reasserted that the Catholic Church is the only true church founded by Christ. Today there is a pervasive indifference as to the question what is the true Christianity. This is a serious situation because there are numerous false or only partly true versions of Christianity. The author of this book attempts a critical appraisal of the Roman Catholic Church by the criteria of the Bible and history. The conclusion he reached is that the Catholic Church is a perversion of the Christianity of the New Testament. The author believes that he has substantiated the proposition that there a...
