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Energy production and storage are central problems for our time. In principle, abundant energy is available from the sun to run the earth in a sustainable way. Solar energy can be directly harnessed by agricultural and photovoltaic means, but the sheer scale of the energy demand poses severe challenges, for example any major competition between biomass production and food production would simply transfer scarcity from energy to food. Indirect use of solar energy in the form of wind looks also promising, especially for those regions not blessed with abundant sunlight. Other modes such as tidal and wave energy may well become important niche players. Inorganic chemistry plays a decisive role i...
This two-volume set LNAI 6437 and 6438 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI 2010, held in Pachuca, Mexico, in November 2010. Based on rigorous peer reviews, the program committee carefully selected 82 revised papers from 301 submissions for presentation in two volumes. The second volume includes 44 papers focusing on soft computing. The papers are organized in topical sections on machine learning and pattern recognition; automatic learning for natural language processing; evolutionary algorithms and other naturally-inspired algorithms; hybrid intelligent systems and neural networks; and fuzzy logic.
This book is a state-of-the-art report on the ductility of steel structures, containing a comprehensive review of the technical literature available, and presenting the results of the authors' own extensive research activities in this area. Analytical and numerical methods are described, and a wealth of practical information is provided. Ductility of Seismic-Resistant Steel Structures will be of great use to advanced students, researchers, designers and professionals in the field of civil, structural and earthquake engineering.
Wood surface attributes can be established by examining its several different physical or chemical properties. Differences in the wood surfaces occur between the manufacturing and post-treatment processes as well. Understanding how their unique anisotropic molecular organization, chemical linkages, branching, and other molecular features govern micro- and macroscale accessibility is essential for coating and complex modification processes. It is therefore important for scientific as well as practical reasons to qualify and quantify the effects of wood surface treatments and modifications. Challenges still exist to fully understanding the effect of the numerous applied chemicals and the wide range of treatment processes on wood surfaces.
Food proteins and bioactive peptides play a vital role in thegrowth and development of the body’s structural integrity andregulation, as well as having a variety of other functionalproperties. Land animal-derived food proteins such as collagen andgelatine carry risks of contamination (such as BSE). Marine-derivedproteins, which can provide equivalents to collagen and gelatinwithout the associated risks, are becoming more popular amongconsumers because of their numerous health beneficial effects. Mostmarine-derived bioactive peptides are currently underutilized.While fish and shellfish are perhaps the most obvious sources ofsuch proteins and peptides, there is also the potential for further...
Neuroplasticity is the ability of neural networks in the brain to change through growth and reorganization. It is when the brain is rewired to function in some way that differs from how it previously functioned. How does aging affect neuroplasticity? As we grow older, plasticity decreases to stabilize what we have already learned. What influence does the aging process have on memory? Forgetfulness can be a normal part of aging. As people get older, changes occur in all parts of the body, including the brain. As a result, some people may notice that it takes longer to learn new things, they don't remember information as well as they did, or they lose things like their glasses. This book on ev...
This book and its companion volumes, LNCS vols. 5551, 5552 and 5553, constitute the proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks (ISNN 2009), held during May 26–29, 2009 in Wuhan, China. Over the past few years, ISNN has matured into a well-established premier international symposium on neural n- works and related fields, with a successful sequence of ISNN symposia held in Dalian (2004), Chongqing (2005), Chengdu (2006), Nanjing (2007), and Beijing (2008). Following the tradition of the ISNN series, ISNN 2009 provided a high-level inter- tional forum for scientists, engineers, and educators to present state-of-the-art research in neural networks and related fields, and...
This book covers the biotechnology of all the major fruit and nut species. Since the very successful first edition of this book in 2004, there has been rapid progress for many fruit and nut species in cell culture, genomics and genetic transformation, especially for citrus and papaya. This book covers both these cutting-edge technologies and regeneration pathways, protoplast culture, in vitro mutagenesis, ploidy manipulation techniques that have been applied to a wider range of species. Three crop species, Diospyros kaki (persimmon), Punica granatum (pomegranate) and Eriobotrya japonica (loquat) are included for the first time. The chapters are organized by plant family to make it easier to make comparisons and exploitation of work with related species. Each chapter discusses the plant family and the related wild species for 38 crop species, and has colour illustrations. It is essential for scientists and post graduate students who are engaged in the improvement of fruit, nut and plantation crops.
The two LNAI volumes 6678 and 6679 constitute the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Hybrid Artificial Intelligent Systems, HAIS 2011, held in Wroclaw, Poland, in May 2011. The 114 papers published in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 241 submissions. They are organized in topical sessions on hybrid intelligence systems on logistics and intelligent optimization; metaheuristics for combinatorial optimization and modelling complex systems; hybrid systems for context-based information fusion; methods of classifier fusion; intelligent systems for data mining and applications; systems, man, and cybernetics; hybrid artificial intelligence systems in management of production systems; habrid artificial intelligent systems for medical applications; and hybrid intelligent approaches in cooperative multi-robot systems.
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