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In Vagueness and Degrees of Truth, Nicholas Smith develops a new theory of vagueness: fuzzy plurivaluationism. A predicate is said to be vague if there is no sharply defined boundary between the things to which it applies and the things to which it does not apply. For example, 'heavy' is vague in a way that 'weighs over 20 kilograms' is not. A great many predicates - both in everyday talk, and in a wide array of theoretical vocabularies, from law to psychology to engineering - are vague. Smith argues, on the basis of a detailed account of the defining features of vagueness, that an accurate theory of vagueness must involve the idea that truth comes in degrees. The core idea of degrees of tru...
Today, Fuzzy Set Theory is the core discipline of so-called ‘soft’ computing, and provides new impetus for research in the field of artificial intelligence. In this fascinating book, the history of Fuzzy Set Theory and the ways it was first used are incorporated into the history of 20th century science and technology. Influences from philosophy, system theory and cybernetics stemming from the earliest part of the 20th century are considered alongside those of communication and control theory from mid-century.
The theme ofthe conference at which the papers in this book were presented was'Systems Thinking in Europe'. Members of the United Kingdom Systems Society (UKSS) were conscious that the systems movementflourishes notonly in the UK, America and the Antipodes, but also in continental Europe, both East and West, and in the USSR, a nation increasingly being welcomed by the European comity. Membership of the UKSS had not perhaps had the opportunity, however, of hearing important new ideas from continental Europe, and this conference provided an opportunity to do so. Some interesting papers are to be found here from both the West and the East, if the editors may be forgiven for perpetuating what ma...
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BULANIK MANTIK İLKELERİ ve MODELLEME Kitabı İçindekiler BÖLÜM 1: BELİRSİZLİK KAVRAMLARI Belirsizlik ve Kesin Olmayış Belirsizlik Yöntemleri Bulanık Kümeler ve Üyelik Dereceleri Bulanık Sistem ne Demektir? Problemler BÖLÜM 2: ÜYELİK FONKSİYONLARI Üyelik Fonksiyonu Kısımları Bulanıklaştırma Üyelik Derecesi Atanması Üyelik Fonksiyonları Üçgen Yamuk Sigmoid İhtimal Yoğunluk Fonksiyonları İki Parçalı Gauss Genel Çan (Gauss) Eğrisi S-Şekilli Z-Şekilli Problemler BÖLÜM 3: KLASİK VE BULANIK KÜMELER Küme Tanım ve Türleri Küme Öğeleri Klasik Kümeler Bulanık Kümeler Temel (Toplum) ve Boş Kümeler Alt Küme Küme Geometrik Gösterimi Küme İşl...
This book integrates fuzzy rule-languages with genetic algorithms, genetic programming, and classifier systems with the goal of obtaining fuzzy rule-based expert systems with learning capabilities. The main topics are first introduced by solving small problems, then a prototype implementation of the algorithm is explained, and last but not least the theoretical foundations are given. The second edition takes into account the rapid progress in the application of fuzzy genetic algorithms with a survey of recent developments in the field. The chapter on genetic programming has been revised. An exact uniform initialization algorithm replaces the heuristic presented in the first edition. A new method of abstraction, compound derivations, is introduced.