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New Frontiers in Gene-Modified T Cell Technology
The development, clinical translation and recent efficacy of novel gene therapies targeting refractory malignancies has led to research that extends this technology to a variety of infectious and rheumatological diseases. Unlike conventional drugs or antibodies, T cells have the potential to target and exert effector function in response to disease in a dynamic manner, acting as a “living drug”. The most efficacious form of gene-modified T cells to date is the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cell, which redirects the specificity of T cells to an antigen expressed by tumor cells. Clinical experience with autologous CAR-T cells, primarily in hematologic malignancies, has underscored the feasibility and safety of the approach, while also demonstrating dramatic and sustained antitumor effects through mechanisms orthogonal to those of traditional anticancer therapies. However, several challenging obstacles must be surmounted in order to improve the broader efficacy of this approach.
Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders
This disorder transcends multiple disciplines and demands a team approach to improve knowledge and treatment. The highly experienced internationally recognized authors have updated every section and added many new chapters, including some on genetic abnormalities in virus and host seen in PTLDs. In this successor edition, there is a completely new section on PTLDs after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The newest PTLD classifications and current treatment paradigms that reflect recently conducted international trials are fully incorporated. As technologies have advanced, this book provided state-of-the-art new diagnostic and prognostic information. Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative...
Wild Immunology—The Answers Are Out There
“Go into partnership with nature; she does more than half the work and asks none of the fee.” - Martin H. Fisher. Nature has undertaken an immense amount of work throughout evolution. The evolutionary process has provided a power of information that can address key questions such as - Which immune molecules and pathways are conserved across species? Which molecules and pathways are exploited by pathogens to cause disease? What methods can be broadly used or readily adapted for wild immunology? How does co-infection and exposure to a dynamic environment affect immunity? Section 1 addresses these questions through an evolutionary approach. Laboratory mice have been instrumental in dissecti...
NK Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that have a significant role in regulating the defenses against cancer development and certain viral infections. They are equipped with an array of activating and inhibitory receptors that stimulate or diminish NK cell activity, respectively. Inhibitory receptors include, among others, the MHC class I ligands killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) in humans, and members of the Ly49 family of receptors in mice, and CD94/NKG2A. Activating receptors include cytokine and chemokine receptors, and those that interact with ligands expressed on target cells, such as the natural cytotoxicity receptors or NCRs (NKp30, NKp44 and NKp46), NKG2D...
Advances in Pediatrics, E-Book 2020
Each year, Advances in Pediatrics focuses on providing current clinical information on important topics in pediatrics. Dr. Carol Berkowitz and her editorial board, comprised of top experts in the field, have assembled authors to provide updates on the following topics: Evaluation and Management of Febrile Infants; Pediatric Emergency Medicine and Ultrasonography; The Patient-Centered Pediatric Emergency Department; Health Considerations of Refuge and Immigrant Children; Management of scoliosis; Health and Wellness for LGBTQ Youth; Sexually exploited children: recognizing and addressing; Movement disorders in children; Childhood trauma management in primary care; Feeding issues in young children; Physician Well-being and Burnout; New Molecular Methods for Diagnosing Infectious Diseases; Parental refusal: treatments, procedures and vaccines; Pediatric oncology in the ICU setting; Diaphragmatic hernia: Management and Outcomes; and Global Health and Pediatric Education: Opportunities and Challenges. Readers will come away with the clinical information that supplements their professional knowledge so they can make informed clinical decisions that improve patient outcomes.
Advances in Pediatrics, 2019
Each year, Advances in Pediatrics focuses on providing current clinical information on important topics in pediatrics. Dr. Carol Berkowitz and her editorial board, comprised of top experts in the field, have assembled authors to provide updates on the following topics: Evaluation and Management of Febrile Infants; Pediatric Emergency Medicine and Ultrasonography; The Patient-Centered Pediatric Emergency Department; Health Considerations of Refuge and Immigrant Children; Management of scoliosis; Health and Wellness for LGBTQ Youth; Sexually exploited children: recognizing and addressing; Movement disorders in children; Childhood trauma management in primary care; Feeding issues in young children; Physician Well-being and Burnout; New Molecular Methods for Diagnosing Infectious Diseases; Parental refusal: treatments, procedures and vaccines; Pediatric oncology in the ICU setting; Diaphragmatic hernia: Management and Outcomes; and Global Health and Pediatric Education: Opportunities and Challenges. Readers will come away with the clinical information that supplements their professional knowledge so they can make informed clinical decisions that improve patient outcomes.
CAR-T Cell Therapies for Non-Hematopoietic Malignancies: Taking Off The Training Wheels
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies for leukemia (e.g. tisagenlecleucel) and lymphoma (e.g. axicabtagene ciloleucel) have recently received regulatory approval in the United States. Phase I/II trials have demonstrated complete remission of refractory or relapsed tumors in 50% - 94% patients. However, the clinical successes of engineered T cells for the treatment of solid malignancies have thus far been few and far between. Furthermore, several instances of severe and lethal toxicities have arisen due to on-target, off-tumor recognition of antigen by T cell products. Recent advances in phase I trials for solid tumors, as well as in pre-clinical models, have revealed several varia...
