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Robert Schuman
On 9th May 1950 Robert Schuman (1886-1963) made the historic declaration that would form the foundation of the European Community. What is seldom appreciated is the remarkable degree to which Schuman's actions were the conscious implementation of the Neo-Thomistic project of Pope Leo XIII (1878-1903). Leo sought to employ the intellectual resources of St Thomas Aquinas to achieve «the restoration, both in rulers and peoples, of the principles of the Christian life in civil and domestic society». The resolution of the Church's difficulties with the French Republic and republicanism generally was a central goal of Leo's programme. In the half-century that followed a series of philosophers sought to envisage the concrete conditions under which Leo's vision could be realised. Foremost among them was Jacques Maritain (1882-1973). Robert Schuman was a close student of Aquinas and committed to the reconciliation of the Church and the Republic. As French Foreign Minister he sought to act upon Maritain's belief that a European federation conceived under the banner of liberty would ultimately lead to the establishment of a new Christendom.
Schuman's Europe
With the EU in crisis and struggling to maintain its unity, there has never been a better time to look into the beginnings of the unification process. Schuman's Europe: His frame of reference explores the original vision of a unified Europe by Robert Schuman, the main architect of European unification. It examines how his thoughts, personality, religious background as a practicing catholic and his origins from the region of Alsace-Lorraine all came together in his vision of European unification. Schuman considered the European spiritual and cultural heritage to be the raison d'être of European unification. He advocated integration in small steps - taking into account basic human psychology - and therefore believed that the process of unification would take several generations. National interests were to be safeguarded as much as possible, provided they did not go against common European interests. Schuman's vision provides a refreshing view on current European society, gives an insight into the cause of the problems the EU is currently facing and supplies a frame of reference that can be used to work on a solution.
The Invention of International Order
The story of the women, financiers, and other unsung figures who helped to shape the post-Napoleonic global order In 1814, after decades of continental conflict, an alliance of European empires captured Paris and exiled Napoleon Bonaparte, defeating French military expansionism and establishing the Concert of Europe. This new coalition planted the seeds for today's international order, wedding the idea of a durable peace to multilateralism, diplomacy, philanthropy, and rights, and making Europe its center. Glenda Sluga reveals how at the end of the Napoleonic wars, new conceptions of the politics between states were the work not only of European statesmen but also of politically ambitious ar...
Handbook on Electricity Markets
With twenty-two chapters written by leading international experts, this volume represents the most detailed and comprehensive Handbook on electricity markets ever published.
Academic Year
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The European Charter for Regional Or Minority Languages and the French Dilemma
The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages has been in force since 1998, but in France it has caused a heated debate and it has not been ratified. The questions raised include: should French regional languages be afforded protection? Is there a danger that their protection could lead to an assertion of regional identity that could threaten the cohesiveness of the state? Is there a threat to the official language? Can applying the principles of the charter, without going through the ratification process, effectively protect regional or minority languages? This colloquy sought to provide answers to these questions.
