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Theory of Continuous Zone Refining Via the Zone-transport Method
This paper explains the differences and the reasons for the differences which exist between the theory of the zone-transport system of continuous zone refining as presented by W. G. Pfann and T. Abe. The identity between the mathematical model used to describe the zone-transport system and one of the models used to describe the recently reported matter-transport system is noted. Nondimensional equations for the zone-transport system are presented and the difference between the limit of alpha in the zone-void and zonetransport systems, when L sub e = 0, is correlated. (Author).
Measurement of Noise Figure of a X-Band Waveguide Mixer with Tunnel Diode
Noise-figure measurements of an X-band tunnel diode mixer must be carried out with extreme care, since spurious responses can often produce incorrect results. At microwave frequencies, a waveguide system with a plunger at one side of the diode is used and it is important that one terminal of the diode be isolated from the waveguide wall when the bias voltage is applied. The output of the mixer containing the difference frequency is connected to the input of an amplifier with a series combination of bias components. This series combination contains additional inductance and capacitance other than that of the 30 Mcps amplifier and can produce resonance effects when the tunnel diode is operated in the positive region close to the peak current, thereby leading to an error in the noisefigure measurement. Correct and incorrect noise figures are compared. A noise figure of 3 db, free of spurious responses, has been measured for a tunnel diode (D4168D) operated at a pump frequency of 9.205 Gc and a difference frequency of 30 Mcps in an X-band waveguide mixer. (Author).
Apparent Sky Temperatures at Millimeter-wave Frequencies
Measurements of apparent sky temperatures taken over a one-year period at 15, 17 and 35 Gc are summarized. Sky temperature profiles for various meteorological conditions are presented as well as curves showing the percentage time distributions for various zenith angles. Such factors as absorption and radiation by oxygen and water vapor, extrapolation of the data to other geographical areas, and the relation between total attenuation of the atmosphere and sky temperature are discussed. A description of the radiometers and the calibration techniques are included. (Author).
A Study of a Scintillation Mechanism
Scintillation was observed during an experiment with an Hg 198 light, a rotating mirror, and a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The mechanism postulated for the phenomenon is an acceleration component in the ray path, caused by curvatures within the mirror surfaces. (Author).
Space Electricity
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