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During the past ten years, several theories have been proposed on the origin of the diversity of antibodies. George P. Smith presents a critical study of these theories in this detailed treatment of immunological problems from the point of view of molecular genetics. Mr. Smith uses a new and simplifying approach to this long-standing controversy. By a comprehensive computerized analysis of antibody amino acid sequences (particularly the myeloma proteins), the author traces their evolution and matches his results against the expectations of the various theories of diversity. He discusses at length the other types of evidence as well. Mr. Smith also deals with the clonal specialization of cells to produce a single antibody, and the relationship of this specialization to the somatic joining of antibody half-genes, which is one of the immune system's most important peculiarities. Introductory material is provided to make this work understandable to molecular geneticists not versed in immunology and to immunologists not versed in molecular genetics. This is a timely book offering a succinct and coherent summary of the various lines of evidence in a confused and controversial field.
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This is a textbook for an introductory combinatorics course that can take up one or two semesters. An extensive list of problems, ranging from routine exercises to research questions, is included. In each section, there are also exercises that contain material not explicitly discussed in the preceding text, so as to provide instructors with extra choices if they want to shift the emphasis of their course. Just as with the first edition, the new edition walks the reader through the classic parts of combinatorial enumeration and graph theory, while also discussing some recent progress in the area: on the one hand, providing material that will help students learn the basic techniques, and on th...
This book comprises select peer-reviewed articles submitted for the proceedings of the International Conference on Mathematics and Computing (ICMC 2022), held by the School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India, in association with Ramanujan Mathematical Society, India, Cryptology Research Society of India and Society for Electronic Transactions and Security, India, from 6–8 January 2022. With an aim to identify the existing challenges in the areas of mathematics and computing, the book emphasizes the importance of establishing new methods and algorithms to address these challenges. The book includes topics on diverse applications of cryptology, network secu...
Intended for the undergraduate students of mathematics, this student-friendly text provides a complete coverage of all topics of Linear, Abstract and Boolean Algebra. The text discusses the matrix and determinants, Cramer’s rule, Vandermonde determinants, vector spaces, inner product space, Jacobi’s theorem, linear transformation, eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Besides, set theory, relations and functions, inclusion and exclusion principle, group, subgroup, semigroup, ring, integral domain, field theories, Boolean algebra and its applications have also been covered thoroughly. Each concept is supported by a large number of illustrations and 600 worked-out examples that help students understand the concepts in a clear way. Besides, MCQs and practice exercises are also provided at the end of each chapter with their answers to reinforce the students’ skill.
A panel of leading experts integrate the latest findings from basic and clinical science to create a comprehensive treatment of the processes by which the brain acts as an endocrine organ, not only to control hormonal functions, but also to maintain homeostasis and regulate behavior. The authors-recognized both as leaders in their fields and as skilled teachers-provide systematic coverage of the analytical, anatomical, functional, clinical, and pathological aspects of neuroendocrinology. Topics range from the interactions between the nervous and endocrine systems to the regulation of reproduction, development, metabolism, fluid balance, and biological rhythms. Neuroendocrinology in Physiology and Medicine offers an unprecedented marriage of clinical and basic knowledge that has been missing from classical neuroscience, endocrinology, and physiology texts. It will teach today's medical students and serve researchers as a valuable reference to this rapidly growing field.
This volume contains several surveys of important developments in quantum probability. The new type of quantum central limit theorems, based on the notion of free independence rather than the usual Boson or Fermion independence is discussed. A surprising result is that the role of the Gaussian for this new type of independence is played by the Wigner distribution. This motivated the introduction of new type of quantum independent increments noise, the free noise and the corresponding stochastic calculus. A further generalization, the ?-noises, is discussed. The free stochastic calculus is shown to be able to fit naturally into the general representation free calculus. The basic free are shown to be realized as non-adapted stochastic integrals with respect to the usual Boson white noises. Quantum noise on the finite difference algebra is expressed in terms of the usual Boson white noises. A new quantum way of looking at classical stochastic flows, in particular diffusions on Riemannian Manifolds is explained. Quantum groups are discussed from the point of view of possible applications to quantum probability. The applications of quantum probability to physics are surveyed.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Software Engineering for Resilient Systems, SERENE 2015, held in Paris, France, in September 2015. The 10 revised technical papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 18 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on development of resilient systems, verification, validation and evaluation of resilience, case studies and applications.
Cypriot Arabic, an unwritten language and mother tongue of several hundred bilingual (Arabic/Greek) Maronites from Kormakiti (N.W. Cyprus), evolved from a medieval Arabic colloquial brought to the island by Christian Arab migrants (probably from Asia Minor and Syria). It represents the outcome of a unique linguistic and cultural synthesis drawing on Arabic, Aramaic, and Greek; its Arabic component also shows a hybrid areal profile combining Greater Syrian traits with formal features typical of the contemporary S.E.Anatolian-Mesopotamian dialectal continuum. A number of rare Aramaic substratal elements in Cypriot Arabic suggest a relatively early separation of its parent dialect from mainstre...