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Role of Sediment Transport in Operation and Maintenance of Supply and Demand Based Irrigation Canals: Application to Machai Maira Branch Canals
This work describes the role of sediment transport in the operation and maintenance of demand-based downstream controlled irrigation canals. Sediment deposition in these irrigation canals severely affects the operation of the automatic flow control system. The book also discusses sediment transport modelling in irrigation canals. A simplified 1-D mathematical model SETRIC (SEdiment TRansport in Irrigation Canals) has been improved with the inclusion of downstream control component for the downstream controlled irrigation canals. Based on field measurements and sediment transport modelling, a number of approaches have been proposed for sediment management in such irrigation canals by improvement in their design and operation. This book will be of interest to Irrigation Engineers and Managers, Hydraulic Engineers, Water Resources Engineers and Managers, Civil Engineers, and Agricultural Engineers.
Urban Wastewater
Farming communities in water-scarce regions increasingly practice the use of urban wastewater in agriculture. Untreated urban wastewater is generally considered unacceptable for direct use because of potential health risks. However, in many parts of the world, poor farmers in peri-urban areas use untreated wastewater. This situation is considered likely to continue even in the foreseeable future due to the high investment cost associated with the installation of treatment facilities.
Prospects for adopting system of rice intensification in Sri Lanka: A socioeconomic assessment
Today, there is an increasing worldwide interest in assessing the potential for maintaining or increasing rice yields by reducing or eliminating the use of chemicals and by decreasing irrigation requirements. The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) first developed in Madagascar and now being tested in many countries, is an example of such an approach. The system is based largely on organic farming principles and additional requirements for spacing and the transplanting of seedlings.
Use of Untreated Wastewater in Peri-urban Agriculture in Pakistan
The practice of using untreated wastewater for irrigation is widespread but has been largely ignored because the norm has always been that wastewater should be treated before use. Increasing water scarcity, lack of money for treatment and a clear willingness by farmers to use untreated wastewater have led to an uncontrolled expansion of wastewater use. It is therefore important to better document the practice of irrigation with untreated wastewater in order to find out how it can be improved within the financial possibilities of very low-income countries.
Understanding the Risks, Mitigation, and Safety Measures Involved in Food Contamination
This book takes you on a journey through the hidden dangers lurking in your plate, providing a deeper understanding of the risks associated with foodborne illnesses. The book explores the science behind food contamination, from microbial pathogens to chemical hazards, and provides insights into how these threats can infiltrate the food supply chain. The book draws from the latest research and real-life case studies that shed light on the devastating consequences of consuming contaminated food. It serves as a practical guide to safeguarding your health and the health of your loved ones, covering effective mitigation strategies and the rigorous safety measures in place to protect the food you eat every day. Whether you’re a concerned consumer, a food industry professional, or simply curious about the intricacies of food safety, this book should be your go-to resource for navigating the complex landscape of foodborne risks and protecting what matters most – your well-being.
A Method to Identify and Evaluate the Legal and Institutional Framework for the Management of Water and Land in Asia
By determining the capacity of relevant international, national and regional legislation to support sustainable use of water and land, planners, legislative drafters and policymakers have a basis for recommending legal and institutional reform. This report, based on an investigation into existing water- and land- management laws and issues in three countries in the region, offers a methodology that can be used for such evaluations.
Development Trajectories of River Basins
The development of societies is shaped to a large extent by their resources base, notably water resources. Access to and control of water depend primarily on the available technology and engineering feats, such as river-diversion structures, canals, dams and dikes. As growing human pressure on water resources brings actual water use closer to potential ceilings, supply-augmentation options get scarcer, and societies, therefore, usually respond by adopting conservation measures and by reallocating water towards more beneficial uses.
Land and Water Productivity of Wheat in the Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India and Pakistan
The purpose of this study is to analyze variations in wheat yields and to assess the range of factors affecting wheat yields and profitability of wheat production in the selected irrigation systems in India and Pakistan. The study attempts to identify constraints and opportunities for closing the existing yield gaps. It is hypothesized that substantial gains in aggregate yields can be obtained by improved water management practices at the farm and irrigation-system levels.
A diagnostic model framework for water use in rice-based irrigation systems
The paper presents a framework for water use in rice-based irrigation systems, which is based on linear programming (LP). This framework intends to facilitate improved understanding of a system's internal and external conditions and the constraints to productive use of the available land and water resources, and thereby create a reference for the assessment of the physical, economic and environmental performance of a given system. The framework is conceived as a tool that is used interactively in technical group sessions with farmers, system operators and extension workers, where structured discussions lead to improved data confidence, and understanding of complex irrigation systems.
