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‘Save Soil’ by Managing Soil Nutrient Losses, Agronomic Practices and Crop-Microbial Interaction: World Soil Day 2022
Soil is not only a fundamental source for all living organisms but also impacts non-living factors (water, air, minerals, etc.) making it an invaluable and finite resource. The importance of soil expands from agronomy through to industrialization, thus, it is crucial to understand the impact of human activity on soil quality. To address several global issues related to pollution, food security, and health, the United Nations promotes the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with targets to ‘save soil’ by minimizing nutrient loss and pollution load from the soil. Due to increasing anthropogenic pollution load, many soil pollution control measures are failing, therefore, new technologies a...
Biostimulants in Agriculture II: Towards a Sustainable Future
Modern agriculture needs to review and broaden its practices and business models, by integrating opportunities coming from different adjacent sectors and value chains, including the bio-based industry, in a fully circular economy strategy. Searching for new tools and technologies to increase crop productivity under optimal and sub-optimal conditions and to improve resources use efficiency is crucial to ensure food security while preserving soil quality, microbial biodiversity, and providing business opportunities for farmers. Biostimulants based on microorganisms or organic substances obtained from renewable materials represent a sustainable, efficient technology or complement to synthetic c...
Efficient Nitrogen Fertilizer Management to Improve Crop Production
The improvement in global crop production over the past several decades has been associated with increased use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. However, on average, less than 50% of the nitrogen added to croplands globally is harvested as crop product. Inefficient use of N fertilizer by crops will result in substantial agricultural nitrogen losses, posing threats to human and ecosystem health. Crop production must increase dramatically to meet the growing demand for food and biofuels projected for 2050. To boost crop yield with lowered environmental cost, the use of high-potential crop cultivars and efficient nitrogen fertilizer management are required. Recent advances in N management practices, such as enhanced-efficiency fertilizer use, improved manure management and machine deep placement of fertilizer have opened up new strategies to achieve improved crop production with N use reduction. A better understanding of the key crop traits and regulatory processes in response to N fertilizer managements will facilitate the increase in crop yield, N use efficiency while minimizing impacts on the environment.
Response of Field Crops to Abiotic Stress
Response of Field Crops to Abiotic Stress: Current Status and Future Prospects is a collection of useful scientific resources for students, researchers, and academicians on diverse aspects of abiotic stress responses in field crops. The book provides its readers with a vivid understanding of abiotic stress responses in field crops by covering diverse aspects. It offers exhaustive explanations of the impact and responses of field crops to abiotic stresses. This book offers comprehensive coverage of: Climate change impact on field crops Arsenic and aluminium stress responses in field crops Drought, high temperature, and flooding stress responses in field crops Salinity and osmotic stress responses in field crops Heavy metal stress responses in field crops UV stress responses Elemental biofortification Reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism Nutraceutical and human health Computational modelling approaches for abiotic stresses in plants
Microalgae for Environmental Biotechnology
This is the first book to present the idea of using Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing in the microalgae industry for environmental biotechnology. It provides the latest developments on microalgae for use in environmental biotechnology, explains process analysis from an engineering point of view, and discusses the transition to smart manufacturing and how state of the art technologies can be incorporated. It covers applications, technologies, challenges, and future perspectives. • Showcases how Industry 4.0 can be applied in algae industry • Covers new ideas generated from Industry 4.0 for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) • Demonstrates new technologies invented to cater to Industry 4.0 in microalgae • Features worked examples related to biological systems Aimed at chemical engineers, bioengineers, and environmental engineers, this is an essential resource for researchers, academics, and industry professionals in the microalgae biotechnology field.
موسوعة العمري في علوم الأرض: الزلازل والزلزالية الهندسية 29
An earthquake is caused by slip on a fault. However, the slip motion is complex, reflecting the variation in basic physics that governs fault motion in different tectonic environmentslt istheprimarymeansbywhichscientistlearnabout Earth'sdeepinterior, whe- redirectobservationsareimpossible, andhasprovidedmanyofthemostimportantdiscoveri- esregardingthenatureofourplanet. Earthquakes frequently claim hundreds of lives and cause major damage to cities and infrastructures. Earthquakes can be disastrous over a large area in a short time, with casualties in a single earthquake sometimes amounting to hundreds of thousands. For this reason the first serious earthquake studies were primari- ly concerned with the macroseismic effects of earthquakes and the immediate reduction of hazards.
Advanced Methods for Interpreting Geological and Geophysical Data
The introduction and application of advanced geological and geophysical methods can solve many problems related to geoscience. This Research Topic gives a thorough treatment of the interpretation of geological and geophysical data through advanced techniques and integrated approaches. It aims to create a more reliable integration of various geological and geophysical data in an exploration and new findings context weighing the strengths and limitations of the various methods in order to develop geophysical and geological models. It will also focus on the interpretation techniques for evaluating structural and sedimentological (stratigraphical) processes with applications within resource exploration, geohazards, seismology, seabed ecology and global climate.
موسوعة العمري في علوم الأرض: الجيوفيزياء التطبيقية 30
Due to the inherent ambiguities in geophysical methods, an integrated approach involving two or more techniques is recommended. Similar to other geophysical methods, electrical (E)and electromagnetic (EM) methods also suffer from ambiguity in interpretation due to the phenomena of the 'principle of equivalence', especially for thin middle layer problems. As both methods depend on the same physical property, namely the electrical conductivity, conductivity variation with depth should be reflected in the measurements of both methods at least with varying response in different ways. For example, The electrical resistivity survey and electromagnetic methods have been used in groundwater investigation because of the close relationship between electrical conductivity and the physical properties of aquifers (conductance and resistance). The ERI and EM methods have been used together for groundwater studies and have proven to be very effective and efficient.
