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The Economics of Open Access
Addressing the recent debate on how the future of academic publishing might look in a purely digital environment, this book analyzes the experiences of researchers with, as well as attitudes towards, ‘Open Access’ (OA) publishing. Drawing on a unique, in-depth survey with more than 10,000 respondents from 25 countries, Thomas Eger and Marc Scheufen discuss their findings in the light of recent policy attempts which have been trying to foster OA, revealing considerable shortcomings and lack of knowledge on fundamental features of the academic publishing market.
Access to Science and Innovation in the Developing World - Economic Research Working Paper No.78.
We examine the implications of lowering barriers to online access to scientific publications for science and innovation in developing countries. We investigate whether and how free or low-cost access to scientific publications through the UN-led Research For Life (R4L) initiative leads to more scientific publications and clinical trials of authors affiliated with research institutions in developing countries. We find that free or reduced-fee access to the health science literature through Hinari (WHO-led subprogramme) increases the scientific publication output and clinical trials output of institutions in developing countries. In contrast, once we control for selection bias, we do not find empirical support for a positive Hinari effect on knowledge spillovers and local institutions’ research input into global patenting, as measured by paper citations in patent documents. Main findings can be generalized to other R4L subprogrammes and are likely to also apply to the WIPO-led Access to Research for Development and Innovation (ARDI) programme.
Die Rechnungskammer der Russländischen Föderation: Unabhängiger Finanzkontrolleur oder Kontrollinstrument der Staatsführung?
Der Autor untersucht den rechtlichen Status der Rechnungskammer der Russländischen Föderation im Vergleich zum Bundesrechnungshof Deutschlands. Vor dem Hintergrund der Verfassungsänderung vom 14. März 2020 erscheint die in der Arbeit aufgezeigte Einschränkung der Unabhängigkeit der Rechnungskammer in der Retrospektive als ein konsequenter Schritt auf dem Weg zur weiteren Machtkonzentration im Kreml zu Lasten der demokratischen Institutionen und der Rechtsstaatlichkeit. Im Ergebnis stellt sich die Rechnungskammer nicht mehr als ein unabhängiges Finanzkontrollorgan dar, sondern als ein Kontrollinstrument des Präsidenten in der "Vertikale der Macht".
Konzerndeliktsrecht
Haften europäische Muttergesellschaften für Menschenrechtsverstöße und Umweltschädigungen ihrer Tochtergesellschaften innerhalb transnationaler Wertschöpfungs- und Lieferketten? Dieser wichtigen Frage widmet sich der Autor in seiner großen Studie zum Konzerndeliktsrecht. Dabei geht er neben der kollisionsrechtlichen Dimension der CSR-Konzernhaftung zunächst auf die institutionsökonomischen Folgen verschiedener Haftungsszenarien ein. Unter Berücksichtigung sonderdeliktsrechtlicher Aspekte und umwelthaftungsrechtlicher Wertungen wird die Außenhaftung herrschender Gesellschafter nach allgemeinem Deliktsrecht und nach dem Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz aufgearbeitet.
The Consumer Welfare Hypothesis in Law and Economics
The Consumer Welfare Hypothesis in Law and Economics is a compelling account of market relations with firm roots in economic theory and legal practice. This incisive book challenges the mainstream view that allocative efficiency is about total welfare maximisation. Instead, it argues for the consumer welfare hypothesis, in which allocating resources efficiently means maximising consumer welfare, and demonstrates that legal structures such as antitrust and consumer law are in reality designed and practised with this goal in mind.
Handbook on the Digital Creative Economy
Digital technologies have transformed the way many creative works are generated, disseminated and used. They have made cultural products more accessible, challenged established business models and the copyright system, and blurred the boundary between
Buddhism and the fourth industrial revolution
EDITORS’ INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND Currently, we are living in the fourth industrial revolution by which computers, automation, robots and people will work together in entirely new ways. Applying technological innovations will help the production process faster, less manpower and more fully collected data. Product quality is ensured by controlling raw materials to forming and transferring to consumers. However, it may have raised many issues for humans. One of its drawbacks is many workers will lose their jobs due to replacement machinery, while businesses may face difficulties in recruiting human resources to meet the requirements of the job. This can lead to inequality, even to break the l...
Copyright Versus Open Access
This book addresses the recent debate about copyright law and its impact on the distribution of scientific knowledge from an economic perspective. The focus is on the question whether a copyright regime or an open access regime is better suited to the norms and organizational structure in a purely global science community. The book undertakes a thorough economic analysis of the academic journal market and showcases consequences of a regime change. It also takes account of the Digital Divide debate, reflecting issues in developing countries. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of legal action in the light of international Intellectual Property (IP) agreements offers prospects on the future of academic publishing.
Smart Urban Mobility
This book adds a critical perspective to the legal dialogue on the regulation of ‘smart urban mobility’. Mobility is one of the most visible sub-domains of the ‘smart city’, which has become shorthand for technological advances that influence how cities are structured, public services are fashioned, and citizens coexist. In the urban context, mobility has come under pressure due to a variety of different forces, such as the implementation of new business models (e.g. car and bicycle sharing), the proliferation of alternative methods of transportation (e.g. electric scooters), the emergence of new market players and stakeholders (e.g. internet and information technology companies), an...
Copyright's Broken Promise
A comprehensive proposal for reforming copyright law to ensure sustainable public access to research and scholarship. Open access is widely supported by researchers, librarians, scholarly societies, and research funders, as well as large and small publishers. Yet despite this support—and the pandemic’s demonstration of the importance of open access for scientific progress—the scholarly publishing market is failing to deliver open access quickly enough. In Copyright’s Broken Promise, John Willinsky presents the case for reforming copyright law so that it supports, rather than impedes, public access to research and scholarship. He draws on the legal strategy of statutory licensing to s...
