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Causal Learning
Understanding causal structure is a central task of human cognition. Causal learning underpins the development of our concepts and categories, our intuitive theories, and our capacities for planning, imagination and inference. During the last few years, there has been an interdisciplinary revolution in our understanding of learning and reasoning: Researchers in philosophy, psychology, and computation have discovered new mechanisms for learning the causal structure of the world. This new work provides a rigorous, formal basis for theory theories of concepts and cognitive development, and moreover, the causal learning mechanisms it has uncovered go dramatically beyond the traditional mechanisms of both nativist theories, such as modularity theories, and empiricist ones, such as association or connectionism.
Technology vs. Government
Technology vs. Government examines why government fails at technology acquisitions, innovation, and implementation, the impact on people, and the future opportunities and implications for government service, administration and policy.
Data Ethics and Digital Privacy in Learning Health Systems for Palliative Medicine
Informing both research and practice, Data Ethics and Digital Privacy in Learning Health Systems for Palliative Medicine brings attention to an important issue that lies at the intersection of medicine, science, and digital technology and communication.
Causality
Head hits cause brain damage - but not always. Should we ban sport to protect athletes? Exposure to electromagnetic fields is strongly associated with cancer development - does that mean exposure causes cancer? Should we encourage old fashioned communication instead of mobile phones to reduce cancer rates? According to popular wisdom, the Mediterranean diet keeps you healthy. Is this belief scientifically sound? Should public health bodies encourage consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables? Severe financial constraints on research and public policy, media pressure, and public anxiety make such questions of immense current concern not just to philosophers but to scientists, governments, publ...
Laura
But dammit, he would notice me tonight.I got home, showered, and dressed. I thought I would just wear my hair down. I had cute, loose brown curls, and my eyes were sky-blue. I was short--5'3" --but my body left something to be desired. I was shapely, but compact and a size 16. I could stand to lose 40 pounds to meet my BMI. However, what I was wearing was going to show off all my assets. By the time I finished getting my makeup done, it was time to leave. It was 7:30 p.m., so the traffic into the city was light, and it only took 30 minutes to reach the party. It started at 8:00 p.m., but I didn't want to seem too eager, so I waited in my car until 8:20 p.m.When I got out of my car, I began to shimmer and shake. My shoes were definitely not made for the icy terrain of the sidewalk. I almost slipped and fell, but I was caught by a handsome stranger."You okay, doll?""Definitely now, handsome."
The Rise
From celebrated art historian, curator, and teacher Sarah Lewis, a fascinating examination of how our most iconic creative endeavors—from innovation to the arts—are not achievements but conversions, corrections after failed attempts. The gift of failure is a riddle: it will always be both the void and the start of infinite possibility. The Rise—part investigation into a psychological mystery, part an argument about creativity and art, and part a soulful celebration of the determination and courage of the human spirit—makes the case that many of the world’s greatest achievements have come from understanding the central importance of failure. Written over the course of four years, th...
The Handbook of Rationality
The first reference on rationality that integrates accounts from psychology and philosophy, covering descriptive and normative theories from both disciplines. Both analytic philosophy and cognitive psychology have made dramatic advances in understanding rationality, but there has been little interaction between the disciplines. This volume offers the first integrated overview of the state of the art in the psychology and philosophy of rationality. Written by leading experts from both disciplines, The Handbook of Rationality covers the main normative and descriptive theories of rationality—how people ought to think, how they actually think, and why we often deviate from what we can call rat...
The Hungry Mind
Despite American education’s recent mania for standardized tests, testing misses what really matters about learning: the desire to learn in the first place. Curiosity is vital, but it remains a surprisingly understudied characteristic. The Hungry Mind is a deeply researched, highly readable exploration of what curiosity is, how it can be measured, how it develops in childhood, and how it can be fostered in school. “Engel draws on the latest social science research and incidents from her own life to understand why curiosity is nearly universal in babies, pervasive in early childhood, and less evident in school...Engel’s most important finding is that most classroom environments discoura...
Media, Development and Democracy
Sponsored by the Communication, Information Technologies, and Media Sociology section of the American Sociological Association (CITAMS), this 22nd volume in Studies in Media and Communications explores the complex construction of democratic public dialogue in developing countries.
