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For thirty years the NASA microgravity program has used space as a tool to study fundamental flow phenomena that are important to fields ranging from combustion science to biotechnology. This book assesses the past impact and current status of microgravity research programs in combustion, fluid dynamics, fundamental physics, and materials science and gives recommendations for promising topics of future research in each discipline. Guidance is given for setting priorities across disciplines by assessing each recommended topic in terms of the probability of its success and the magnitude of its potential impact on scientific knowledge and understanding; terrestrial applications and industry technology needs; and NASA technology needs. At NASA's request, the book also contains an examination of emerging research fields such as nanotechnology and biophysics, and makes recommendations regarding topics that might be suitable for integration into NASA's microgravity program.
Within the Office of Space Science of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) special importance is attached to exploration of the planet Mars, because it is the most like Earth of the planets in the solar system and the place where the first detection of extraterrestrial life seems most likely to be made. The failures in 1999 of two NASA missions-Mars Climate Orbiter and Mars Polar Lander-caused the space agency's program of Mars exploration to be systematically rethought, both technologically and scientifically. A new Mars Exploration Program plan (summarized in Appendix A) was announced in October 2000. The Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration (COMPLEX), a standin...
This report addresses the transition of research satellites, instruments, and calculations into operational service for accurately observing and predicting the Earth's environment. These transitions, which take place in large part between NASA and NOAA, are important for maintaining the health, safety, and prosperity of the nation, and for achieving the vision of an Earth Information System in which quantitative information about the complete Earth system is readily available to myriad users. Many transitions have been ad hoc, sometimes taking several years or even decades to occur, and others have encountered roadblocksâ€"lack of long-range planning, resources, institutional or cultural differences, for instanceâ€"and never reached fruition. Satellite Observations of Earth's Environment recommends new structures and methods that will allow seamless transitions from research to practice.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Foundations of Software Science and Computation Structures, FOSSACS 2003, held in Warsaw, Poland in April 2003. The 26 revised full papers presented together with an invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 96 submissions. Among the topics covered are algebraic models; automata and language theory; behavioral equivalences; categorical models; computation processes over discrete and continuous data; computation structures; logics of programs; models of concurrent, reactive, distributed, and mobile systems; process algebras and calculi; semantics of programming languages; software specification and refinement; transition systems; and type systems and type theory.
This volume contains the papers presented at the 20th International Conference on Logic Programming,held in Saint-Malo,France,September 6-10,2004.Since the ?rst meeting in this series, held in Marseilles in 1982, ICLP has been the premier international conference for presenting research in logic programming. This year, we received 70 technical papers from countries all over the world, and the Program Committee accepted 28 of them for presentation;they are included in this volume. A stand-by-your-poster session took place during the conference. It served as a forum for presenting work in a more informal and interactive setting. Abstracts of the 16 posters selected by the Program Committee are...
The 31st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2004) was held from July 12 to July 16 in Turku, Finland. This volume contains all contributed papers presented at ICALP 2004, together with the invitedlecturesbyPhilippeFlajolet(INRIA),RobertHarper(CarnegieMellon), Monika Henzinger (Google), Martin Hofmann (Munich), Alexander Razborov (Princeton and Moscow), Wojciech Rytter (Warsaw and NJIT), and Mihalis Yannakakis (Stanford). ICALP is a series of annual conferences of the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science (EATCS). The ?rst ICALP took place in 1972 and the ICALP program currently consists of track A (focusing on algorithms, automata, complex...
This book presents an in-depth discussion on molecular electronics in an easy-to-understand manner, aiming at chemists, computer scientists, surface scientists, physicists, and applied mathematicians. Lighter overviews are provided for the science-minded layperson and the high tech entrepreneur in this nanoscale science. The author has included a detailed synthetic chemistry treasure chest, protocols of self-assembling routes for bottom-up fabrication atop silicon platforms, representative current-voltage and memory readouts from molecular devices, and overviews of present architectural and mathematical approaches to programming molecular computing machines. The investment and commercial insertion landscape is painted along with a “Who's Who” in the molecular electronics business space. Advice and forewarnings are provided in a practical yet witty manner for the aspiring academic corporate founder and the business CEO wannabe seeking to establish a high tech company while wading through the idiosyncratic morass of university personalities and university-owned intellectual property.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2003, held in Warsaw, Poland, in April 2003. The 25 revised full papers presented together with two invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 99 submissions. Among the topics addressed are programming paradigms and their integration, program semantics, calculi of computation, security, advanced type systems, program analysis, program transformation, and practical algorithms based on theoretical developments.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third Asian Symposium on Programming Languages and Systems, APLAS 2005, held in Tsukuba, Japan in November 2005. The 24 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 78 submissions. Among the topics covered are semantics, type theory, program transformation, static analysis, verification, programming calculi, functional programming languages, language based security, real-time systems, embedded systems, formal systems design, Java objects, program analysis and optimization.