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The understanding of functional groups is key for the understanding of all organic chemistry. In the tradition of the Patai Series each volume treats all aspects of functional groups. Each volume contains chapters on the theoretical and physicochemical foundations; on analytical aspects; on reaction mechanisms; on applications in synthesis. Depending on the functional group there are additional chapters on industrial use, on medical use, and on human and environmental toxicity issues. The last volume in the series on the topic (Peroxides Vol. 2) was published in 2006. In the eight years since then a lot of developments have taken place, especially in the areas of synthesis, analysis and a better theoretical understanding of the reaction mechanism, all of which are covered here. As with all new volumes, the chapters are first published online in Patai's Chemistry of Functional Groups. Once a volume is completed online, it is then published in print format. The printed book offers the traditional quality of the Patai Book Series, complete with an extensive index.
Sodium Dithionite, Rongalite and Thiurea Oxides provides an in depth overview of historical and newly developed fields of application for important sulfur-containing reductants. It begins with an introduction into the structure and general properties of sodium dithionite, sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate (rongalite) and thiourea oxides. Following this there is analysis of their stability in different types of solutions, and reactions with both organic and inorganic compounds. Finally, there is description of the application of the reductants in industry, using examples of the textile, printing and paper industries, as well as in polymerization processes.Despite widespread practical application, the mechanism behind these compounds is not fully understood, due to their unusual structure and complex decomposition within solutions. This comprehensive review presents up-to-date findings to both academics and industrial chemists, aiming to increase knowledge and provide both fundamental and technical data dedicated to these relatively simple chemicals which have wide practical applications.
This book constitutes the joint refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Next Generation Wired/Wireless Advanced Networks and Systems, NEW2AN 2015, and the 8th Conference on Internet of Things and Smart Spaces, ruSMART 2015, held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in August 2015. The 74 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The 15 papers selected for ruSMART are organized in topical sections on IoT infrastructure, IoT platforms, smart spaces and IoT cases, and smart services and solutions. The 59 papers from NEW2AN deal with the following topics: streaming, video, and TCP applications, mobile "ad hoc" networks, security, and clouds, sensor networks and IoT, cellular systems, novel systems and techniques, business and services, signals and circuits, optical and satellite systems, and advanced materials and their properties.
Despite its extreme climate, the North American Arctic holds a complex archaeological record of global significance. In this volume, leading researchers provide comprehensive coverage of the region's cultural history, addressing issues as diverse as climate change impacts on human societies, European colonial expansion, and hunter-gatherer adaptations and social organization.
This book constitutes the joint refereed proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Next Generation Teletraffic and Wired/Wireless Advanced Networks and Systems, NEW2AN 2021, and the 14th Conference on Internet of Things and Smart Spaces, ruSMART 2021. The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 41 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 118 submissions.
Includes entries for maps and atlases.