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Cancer-related bone pain is experienced by patients with primary bone tumours such as myeloma and osteosarcoma, but is more commonly seen in patients with malignant tumours that have metastasised to bone. Bone pain is one of the most common and severe forms of pain associated with breast, prostate and lung cancer, yet little is known about the underlying mechanisms responsible for the pain. Cancer patients identify bone pain as the most disruptive cancer-related event in terms oftheir quality of life and daily functioning, and it is also associated with increased incidence of morbidity, depression, and anxiety.Part of the Oxford Pain Management Library, this volume summarises the latest evidence-based and practical information on the management of cancer-related bone pain. Chapters cover the pathophysiology and clinical features of bone pain, general principles of management and the use of opioids and other agents. It will be an invaluable reference for all health care professionals involved in the management of patients with bone pain from various disciplines including palliative care,anaesthetics, oncology and general practice.
This book looks at current research and future directions in e-lexicography. Online dictionaries and reference tools are increasingly prevalent in a digitized and internet-led era in language study that has embraced computational linguistics. This book responds with theoretical and practical analysis of key topics, from a global range of contributors. Since COBUILD in the 1980s, lexicographers have found it essential to engage with and utilize electronic computational tools. Internet dictionaries, online reference tools and even search engine optimization demand a knowledge of electronic lexicography and force a reassessment of the field. This volume looks at, amongst other topics: • Polyfunctional versus monofunctional dictionary tools • Developing theories of lexicography for electronic mediums • Distinguishing between the database and the dictionary • Online dictionaries not as data repositories but as sophisticated search engines This volume will appeal to scholars in lexicography and to practicing lexicographers.
The Blackwell Guide to Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethicsilluminates Aristotle’s ethics for both academics andstudents new to the work, with sixteen newly commissioned essays bydistinguished international scholars. The structure of the book mirrors the organization of theNichomachean Ethics itself. Discusses the human good, the general nature of virtue, thedistinctive characteristics of particular virtues, voluntariness,self-control, and pleasure.
As humanity has expanded its horizon to see things vastly smaller, faster, larger and farther than before, it has been forced to confront preconceptions born of the human experience and create wholly new ways of looking at the world. Relativity and Quantum Physics For Beginners describes the revolutionary theories of relativity and quantum physics and shows how these ideas have led to amazing advances in the understanding of the universe.
Belli virüsler dışında, dünyada, bütün biyolojik hayatlarda genetik kodun taşıyıcısı DNA'dır. DNA, RNA'ya kıyasla daha dayanıklı olduğu gibi aynı zamanda daha kolay onarılmaktadır. Bu nedenle DNA, hem varlığın sürdürülmesinde ve hem de çoğalmak için gerekli olan genetik bilginin daha kararlı bir şekilde taşınmasında önemli rol oynamaktadır. Her türün kendine özgü bir gen havuzu bulunmasına rağmen özellikle çevresel etkenler, DNA'da ve/veya DNA'nın paketlendiği kromozomlarda, mutasyon olarak bilinen kalıcı değişikliklere sebep olabilmektedir. Örneğin insanda, somatik hücrelerde, mutasyonlar eğer proto-onkogenlerde, tümör baskılayıcı g...
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Scientists have identified southern China as a likely epicenter for viral pandemics, a place where new viruses emerge out of intensively farmed landscapes and human--animal interactions. In Virulent Zones, Lyle Fearnley documents the global plans to stop the next influenza pandemic at its source, accompanying virologists and veterinarians as they track lethal viruses to China's largest freshwater lake, Poyang Lake. Revealing how scientific research and expert agency operate outside the laboratory, he shows that the search for origins is less a linear process of discovery than a constant displacement toward new questions about cause and context. As scientists strive to understand the environm...
Examines the most important democratic challenges of today, using the Covid-19 pandemic as a case study.
Best-selling author Cass R. Sunstein examines how to avoid worst-case scenarios The world is increasingly confronted with new challenges related to climate change, globalization, disease, and technology. Governments are faced with having to decide how much risk is worth taking, how much destruction and death can be tolerated, and how much money should be invested in the hopes of avoiding catastrophe. Lacking full information, should decision-makers focus on avoiding the most catastrophic outcomes? When should extreme measures be taken to prevent as much destruction as possible? Averting Catastrophe explores how governments ought to make decisions in times of imminent disaster. Cass R. Sunste...