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Methylation of DNA at cytosine residues as well as post-translational modifications of histones, including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitylation, contribute to the epigenetic information carried by chromatin. These changes play an important role in the regulation of gene expression by modulating the access of regulatory factors to the DNA. The use of a combination of biochemical, genetic and structural approaches has allowed demonstration of the role of chromatin structure in transcriptional control. The structure of nucleosomes has been elucidated and enzymes involved in DNA or histone modifications have been extensively characterized. Since deregulation of epigenetic marks has been reported in many cancers, a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms bears the promise that new drug targets may soon be found. The newest developments in this quickly developing field are presented in this book.
Recent studies have indicated that epigenetic processes may play a major role in both cellular and organismal aging. These epigenetic processes include not only DNA methylation and histone modifications, but also extend to many other epigenetic mediators such as the polycomb group proteins, chromosomal position effects, and noncoding RNA. The topics of this book range from fundamental changes in DNA methylation in aging to the most recent research on intervention into epigenetic modifications to modulate the aging process. The major topics of epigenetics and aging covered in this book are: 1) DNA methylation and histone modifications in aging; 2) Other epigenetic processes and aging; 3) Impa...
Are you tired of feeling worn out, sick, and overweight?Why is it that we experience weight gain, fatigue, aches and pains, illnesses, and memory loss as we get older? While these ailments do become more common in our 30s and 40s, they aren’t inevitable. In fact, we are perfectly capable of remaining young, slim, and vigorous—and our brains can absolutely stay clear and sharp—if we give them what they need. What’s that? The right foods, plenty of sleep, and the healthy movement our bodies are craving.The problem is that most of us don’t do that. We don’t realize what our bodies need, so we eat the wrong foods, skimp on sleep, and deprive our bodies of the movement they crave. Ove...
This book interrogates the ways in which new technological advances impact the thought and practices of humanism. Chapters investigate the social, political, and cultural implications of the creation and use of advanced forms of technology, examining both defining benefits and potential dangers. Contributors also discuss technology’s relationship to and impact on the shifting definitions we hold for humankind. International and multi-disciplinary in nature and scope, the volume presents an exploration of humanism and technology that is both racially diverse and gender sensitive. With great depth and self-awareness, contributors offer suggestions for how humanists and humanist organizations might think about and relate to technology in a rapidly changing world. More broadly, the book offers a critical humanistic interrogation of the concept of “progress” especially as it relates to technological advancement.
This book stems from the urgent necessity to address neurodegenerative diseases, which are among the most severe health challenges currently confronting society. Neurodegenerative diseases have become a major threat to public health in recent years, impacting millions of people globally and creating a substantial strain on healthcare systems and society as a whole. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are examples of these diseases. This book offers a thorough survey of the latest developments in this rapidly growing field. This book is targeted towards a wide range of readers, including academics, researchers, medical professionals, students, policy makers, and anybody else who is interested in the convergence of neuroscience, nanotechnology, and healthcare. Irrespective of one's familiarity with the subject, this book provides motivation and insightful information to bolster our group's endeavors in combating these debilitating diseases.
DNA in the nucleus of plant and animal cells is stored in the form of chromatin. Chromatin and the chromatin remodelling enzymes play an important role in gene transcription. - Genetic assays of chromatin modification and remodeling - Histone modifying enzymes - ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzymes
This volume provides a series of critical analyses of some of the contemporary debates in relation to the human rights of children, resituating them within visions which informed the text of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989. The studies embrace examination of some of today's widespread interpretations of the CRC, analysis of what is implied by a human rights-based approach in research and advocacy and consideration of advances and barriers to research and to several aspects of CRC implementation. With contributions by leading experts in the field, the book examines the CRC as an international instrument, its inherent dilemmas and some of the debates generated by the challenges of implementation. It embraces examinations of different levels of governance from the international to the state party, regional and local levels, including institutional developments and changes in law, policy and practice. The book will be a valuable resource for students, researchers and policy-makers working in the area of children's rights and welfare.
Are you tired of feeling worn out, sick, and overweight?
Why is it that we experience weight gain, fatigue, aches and pains, illnesses, and memory loss as we get older? And, more importantly, do we have to?
These ailments do become more common in our 30s and 40s, but they are by no means inevitable. In fact, we are perfectly capable of remaining slim and vigorous, and our brains can absolutely stay clear and sharp—if we give them what they need. The problem is that most of us don’t do that. We don’t realize what our bodies need, so we eat the wrong foods, skimp on sleep, and deprive our bodies of the movement they crave. Overwhelmed by the stresses and the pressures ...More than 40 years after the discovery of the nucleosome as the fun- mental unit of chromatin, the multifaceted problem of how variations in ch- matin structure affect the activity of the eukaryotic genome has not been solved. However, during the past few years research on chromatin structure and fu- tion has gained considerable momentum, and impressive progress has been made at the level of concept development as well as filling in crucial detail. The structure of the nucleosome has been visualized at unprecedented reso- tion. Powerful multisubunit enzymes have been identified that alter histone/ DNA interactions in ways that expose regulatory sequences to factors initi- ing and regulating ...
The regulation of gene expression in many biological processes involves epigenetic mechanisms. In this new volume, 24 chapters written by experts in the field discuss epigenetic effects from many perspectives. There are chapters on the basic molecular mechanisms underpinning epigenetic regulation, discussion of cellular processes that rely on this kind of regulation, and surveys of organisms in which it has been most studied. Thus, there are chapters on histone and DNA methylation, siRNAs and gene silencing; X-chromosome inactivation, dosage compensation and imprinting; and discussion of epigenetics in microbes, plants, insects, and mammals. The last part of the book looks at how epigenetic mechanisms act in cell division and differentiation, and how errors in these pathways contribute to cancer and other human diseases. Also discussed are consequences of epigenetics in attempts to clone animals. This book is a major resource for those working in the field, as well as being a suitable text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on gene regulation.