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Features and Processing in Agreement
How do we comprehend language? Does our brain differentiate among the different types of grammatical and conceptual information that each sentence we read and listen to contains? Are these mechanisms sensitive to cross-linguistic similarities and differences? To answer these questions, this book provides a comprehensive overview of existing experimental and theoretical studies on language processing. Special emphasis is given here to the analysis of basic building blocks of language – features – and to an approach that relies on the fruitful interaction among theoretical linguistics, psycholinguistics and neuroscience.
Syntax, the brain, and linguistic theory: a critical reassessment
Syntax refers both to the structure of sentences and the underlying combinatorial capacity to generate this structure. For some time, neurolinguistic research on syntax was heavily influenced by theoretical linguistic approaches, which characterize in detail the nature of syntactic representations. A rough consensus has been that the primary region supporting syntax is Broca’s area, and that syntactic deficits in aphasia exist primarily due to damage or degeneration of this region, commonly occurring in Broca’s aphasia and nonfluent/agrammatic PPA. With respect to temporal dynamics of syntactic processing, neurophysiological research on syntax focused on specific event-related potentials...
Optimization and Decision Science: Methodologies and Applications
This proceedings volume highlights the state-of-the-art knowledge related to optimization, decisions science and problem solving methods, as well as their application in industrial and territorial systems. It includes contributions tackling these themes using models and methods based on continuous and discrete optimization, network optimization, simulation and system dynamics, heuristics, metaheuristics, artificial intelligence, analytics, and also multiple-criteria decision making. The number and the increasing size of the problems arising in real life require mathematical models and solution methods adequate to their complexity. There has also been increasing research interest in Big Data ...
Featural Relations in the Brain: Theoretical and Experimental Perspectives on Grammatical Agreement, 2nd Edition
Successful speaking and understanding hinges on the almost effortless capacity of speakers to decode and build dependencies among words in a sentence, based on covariance in some specific feature(s). Whenever two features covary, an agreement relation is established. Agreement is a widespread and varied phenomenon: its pervasiveness in some languages contrasts with its near absence in others, which poses a challenge for linguists and psycholinguists that attempt to explain the mechanics of its representation, processing and acquisition. Agreement has been extensively investigated from a theoretical perspective, but also from the point of view of psycholinguistics and the cognitive neuroscien...
Language Down the Garden Path
"The workshop that originated this book was entitled "Understanding language : forty years down the garden path". It took place in July 2010." --Acknowledgements p. [xii].
Language, Cognition and Gender
Gender inequality remains an issue of high relevance, and controversy, in society. Previous research shows that language contributes to gender inequality in various ways: Gender-related information is transmitted through formal and semantic features of language, such as the grammatical category of gender, through gender-related connotations of role names (e.g., manager, secretary), and through customs of denoting social groups with derogatory vs. neutral names. Both as a formal system and as a means of communication, language passively reflects culture-specific social conditions. In active use it can also be used to express and, potentially, perpetuate those conditions. The questions address...
Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization, EvoCOP 2011, held in Torino, Italy, in April 2011. The 22 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 42 submissions. The papers present the latest research and discuss current developments and applications in metaheuristics - a paradigm to effectively solve difficult combinatorial optimization problems appearing in various industrial, economical, and scientific domains. Prominent examples of metaheuristics are evolutionary algorithms, simulated annealing, tabu search, scatter search, memetic algorithms, variable neighborhood search, iterated local search, greedy randomized adaptive search procedures, estimation of distribution algorithms, and ant colony optimization.
Sustainable Urban Logistics: Concepts, Methods and Information Systems
Since the 1990’s, researchers, practitioners and public administrations have given more thought to urban logistics. However, their interests and goals are not the same, and several approaches do not produce efficient logistics systems as a result. This book aims to provide both a conceptual framework for urban logistics planning and management and to create a basis for deploying solutions that aim to reduce the main nuisances related to urban goods. The proposed book is divided in two parts. The first proposes a set of methodological chapters, written by key authors, which aim to support decision makers in their current choices related to urban logistics. In addition to public authoritiesâ...
Theory and Application on Cognitive Factors and Risk Management
Risk management is an interdisciplinary discipline that involves several aspects. It is absolutely necessary to make sure we manage risks in order to minimize their threats and maximize their potential. This book tries to investigate the complexity that characterizes risk management. It contains original research and application chapters from different perspectives and covers different areas such as human aspects, emergency management, cognitive factors, software engineering, and marketing. The idea of the book is to expand the reader's consciousness to deal with problems regarding risk management.
Uncertainty Management with Fuzzy and Rough Sets
This book offers a timely overview of fuzzy and rough set theories and methods. Based on selected contributions presented at the International Symposium on Fuzzy and Rough Sets, ISFUROS 2017, held in Varadero, Cuba, on October 24-26, 2017, the book also covers related approaches, such as hybrid rough-fuzzy sets and hybrid fuzzy-rough sets and granular computing, as well as a number of applications, from big data analytics, to business intelligence, security, robotics, logistics, wireless sensor networks and many more. It is intended as a source of inspiration for PhD students and researchers in the field, fostering not only new ideas but also collaboration between young researchers and institutions and established ones.
