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Preservation or permanent availability of the record of science as represented by scientific information is one of the processes which is dramatically affected by the change to an all digital world. While once the printed page was the basic medium and was archived by libraries, now the record exists in a number of locations and in many cases is not printed. Preservarion is now a matter of identification of the item in the first place, the location is not always so obvious; then ascertaining the preservation policy of the keeper - who may not be the owner; ensuring that there will be preservation or archiving and keeping track of the technology so that the item can be read in the future, despite obsolescence or other technology changes. This work covers the viewpoints of various technologies which are important in the preservation process.
The technical, scientific, policy, and institutional environment for conducting Earth science research has been changing rapidly over the past few decades. Changes in the technical environment are due both to the advent of new types and sources of remote sensing data, which have higher spatial and spectral resolution, and to the development of vastly expanded capabilities in data access, visualization, spatial data integration, and data management. The scientific environment is changing because of the strong emphasis on global change research, both nationally and internationally, and the evolving data requirements for that research. And the policy and institutional environment for the production of Earth observation data is changing with the diversification of both remote sensing data and the institutions that produce the data. In this report, the Space Studies Board's Steering Committee on Space Applications and Commercialization explores the implications of this changing environment, examining the opportunities and challenges it presents.
Historical Information Science is an extensive review and bibliographic essay, backed by almost 6,000 citations, detailing developments in information technology since the advent of personal computers and the convergence of several social science and humanities disciplines in historical computing. Its focus is on the access, preservation, and analysis of historical information (primarily in electronic form) and the relationships between new methodology and instructional media, techniques, and research trends in library special collections, digital libraries, data archives, and museums.
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