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Understanding the fatigue behaviour of structural components under variable load amplitude is an essential prerequisite for safe and reliable light-weight design. For designing and dimensioning, the expected stress (load) is compared with the capacity to withstand loads (fatigue strength). In this process, the safety necessary for each particular application must be ensured. A prerequisite for ensuring the required fatigue strength is a reliable load assumption. The authors describe the transformation of the stress- and load-time functions which have been measured under operational conditions to spectra or matrices with the application of counting methods. The aspects which must be considered for ensuring a reliable load assumption for designing and dimensioning are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the theoretical background for estimating the fatigue life of structural components is explained, and the procedures are discussed for numerous applications in practice. One of the prime intentions of the authors is to provide recommendations which can be implemented in practical applications.
Betriebsfestigkeit bedeutet die sichere Bemessung von Bauteilen unter realistischen Umgebungsbedingungen mit dem Ziel Leichtbau. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Schwingbeanspruchung. Bei der Bemessung wird die zu erwartende Beanspruchung (Belastung) mit der Beanspruchbarkeit (Festigkeit) verglichen, wobei die für den Anwendungsfall notwendige Sicherheit gewährleistet werden muss. Voraussetzung für die betriebsfeste Bemessung ist eine zuverlässige Lastannahme. Die Autoren stellen dar, wie die im Betrieb gemessenen Beanspruchungszeitfunktionen durch Zählverfahren in Kollektive oder Matrizen transformiert werden können. Ausführlich behandelt wird, welche Aspekte zu beachten sind, um eine zuverlässige Lastannahme für die Bemessung sicherzustellen. Dazu wird einmal der theoretische Hintergrund der Lebensdauerabschätzung von Bauteilen erläutert, zum anderen werden die Vorgehensweisen in zahlreichen technischen Anwendungsfällen diskutiert. Für die Praxis umsetzbare Empfehlungen zu geben, ist ein wesentliches Anliegen der Autoren.
Alongside presenting the fundamentals, this book reviews the state of the art of mathematical modeling and control of bioprocesses, while demonstrating the application in various biological systems important to industry. At the same time, the application of different types of models and control strategies are illustrated, taking into account the recent developments in reactor modeling. In addition to modeling and control, the metabolic flux analysis and the metabolic design and their application to bioprocesses are considered.
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Paperback. The 6th Computer Applications in Biotechnology (CAB6) conference was a continuation of 2 series of events: the IFAC symposia on Modelling and Control of Biotechnical Processes and the International Conferences on Computer Applications in Fermentation Technology. This conference provided the opportunity for both sides, leading researchers and industrial practitioners, in this interdisciplinary field to exchange new ideas and technology; concepts and solutions. This postprint volume contains all those papers which were presented at the conference.
In The Aptamer Handbook, leading scientists from academia as well as biotech and pharma companies introduce the revolutionary concept of designing RNA and DNA oligonucleotides with novel functions by in vitro selection. These functions comprise high affinity binding (aptamers), catalytic activity (ribozymes and deoxyribozymes) or combinations of binding and catalytic properties (aptazymes). Basic concepts and technologies describing in detail how these functional oligonucleotides can be identified are presented. Numerous examples demonstrate the versatility of in vitro selected oligonucleotides. Special emphasis has been put on a section that shows the broad applicability of aptamers, e. g. in target validation, for analytics, or as new therapeutics. This first overview in the field is of prime interest for a broad audience of scientists both in academia and in industry who wish to expand their knowledge on the potential of new oligonucleotide functions and their applications.