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When first developed, chlorinated pesticides such as DDT, dieldrin, and mirex were received with open arms, quickly becoming popular as effective, economic agents against pests. But evidence began to mount that residues of these chemicals remained in the environment, not breaking down, often appearing in plants and animals. By the late seventies many pesticides had achieved a terrible notoriety and were subsequently banned in a number of countries. Of tremendous concern, then, is the persistence of pesticides in the environment. The major thrust of research and development in the area of pesticides has properly been the creation of substances that are both effective and degradable. Yet in or...
Contents: Introduction, Material and Methods, Independent and Combined Toxicity of Carbaryl and Phenthoate Determination of LC50 Values and Confirmation of Synergism, Some Observations and Physical, Morphological and Behavioural Changes in Channa Punctatus, Studies on Acetylcholinesterase, Studies on whole Animal and Tissue Respiration, Studies on Some Haematological Parameters, Studies on Some Aspects of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Studies on Some Aspects of Nitrogen Metabolism, General Discussion, Summary.
This book discusses studies that have been conducted on various animal species. The book reviews the effects of pesticides through changes in behavior, the nature of morphological and biochemical lesions, as well as the tracking of the metabolic disposition of pesticides in target sites of an organism. In vitro studies provide information regarding cellular responses and biochemical lesions with pesticides. Toxicological profiles of pesticides are cited using different species of animals for in vivo and in vitro studies. This information should help scientists and decision-makers reach conclusions regarding the toxicological effects of pesticides on humans and the environment.
This is the first book to examine comprehensively the chlorine industry and its effects on the environment. It covers not only the history of chlorine production, but also looks at its products, their effects on the global environment, and the international legislation which controls their use, release, and disposal. Individual chapters are dedicated to subjects such as releases of organochlorines into the environment, and the environmental impact of ozone depletion, providing simple explanations of these complex issues. These are backed up with case studies of landmark events in the history of the chlorine industry - for example the Seveso explosion or the Yusho and Yu-Cheng mass poisonings. With a clear, concise text and numerous compilations of critical data, this book will prove an invaluable source reference for environmental scientists, students, and policy makers with an interest in this subject.
After green revolution was launched in India, substantial increase in the production of food-grains was achieved through the use of improved crop varieties and higher levels of inputs like fertilizers water and plant protection chemicals. This made the revolution possible but it has limitations of higher costs and of causing damage to the environment specially when inputs are not used efficiently and judiciously. A decline of yields are being reported from the green revolution belts of India, in spite of liberal application of fertilizers and other inputs. The environmental problems are now becoming real problems of the developing countries as well as developing world. This disturbing trend ...