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Renewable fuels, in the present times, have become important to curb emission of greenhouse gases, which are causing damage to the environment and leading to climatic changes. Ideally, their utilization can be a zero carbon operation. Planting suitable trees on all waste lands and agro forestry on a large scale can fulfil the needs of timber, fuel, fruits, etc. All kinds of lignocellulosic biomass can be converted by several methods to useful liquid fuels like alcohols, biodiesel, methane, renewable diesel and renewable gasoline. Hydrogen can be used as a renewable fuel because of its desirable characteristics and properties for its use as a green fuel.
This book provides an essential overview of the science of polysaccharides. It both approaches polysaccharides as a polymer class and provides detailed descriptions of most major polysaccharides (cellulose, mannan, xylan, chitin-chitosan, cyclodextrines). Owing to the multidisciplinary character of the European Polysaccharide Network of Excellence (EPNOE), the book describes all main aspects of polysaccharide science and technology (biology, enzymology, physics, chemistry, materials science and processing). Notations and concepts follow a uniform format throughout the whole work in order to create a valuable reference book on the field of polysaccharide science. Owing to the major importance of industry in the EPNOE, concrete applications are also described in detail.
This book addresses both classic concepts and state-of-the-art technologies surrounding cellulose science and technology. Integrating nanoscience and applications in materials, energy, biotechnology, and more, the book appeals broadly to students and researchers in chemistry, materials, energy, and environmental science. • Includes contributions from leading cellulose scientists worldwide, with five Anselm Payen Cellulose Award winners and two Hayashi Jisuke Cellulose Award winners • Deals with a highly applicable and timely topic, considering the current activities in the fields of bioeconomies, biorefineries, and biomass utilization • Maximizes readership by combining fundamental science and application development
With the rapid advancements in polymer research, polymers are finding newer applications such as scaffolds for tissue engineering, wound healing, flexible displays, and energy devices. In the same spirit, this book covers the key features of recent advancements in polymeric materials and their specialty applications. Divided into two sections – Polymeric Biomaterials and Polymers from Sustainable Resources, and Polymers for Energy and Specialty Applications – this book covers biopolymers, polymer-based biomaterials, polymer-based nanohybrids, polymer nanocomposites, polymer-supported regenerative medicines, and advanced polymer device fabrication techniques. FEATURES Provides a comprehen...
Multidisciplinary perspectives and approaches to quinone methides research The Wiley Series on Reactive Intermediates in Chemistry and Biology investigates reactive intermediates from the broadest possible range of disciplines. The contributions in each volume offer readers fresh insights into the latest findings, emerging applications, and ongoing research in the field from a diverse perspective. This inaugural volume in the series, Quinone Methides, represents the first book devoted to this fascinating and useful intermediate. The authors of this work reflect the many disciplines and approaches to quinone methides research. The volume therefore covers a broad range of topics, including the...
Until recently the field of psychology has been a monocultural science in a Euro-American envelope. Profound global changes in social, economic, political, and academic development have resulted in a more multicultural perspective for psychology. The field of psychology is now growing more rapidly outside than inside the U.S. As a result of these changes, multiculturalism adds a dimension to psychodynamic, humanistic, and behavioral psychology as much as the fourth dimension of time adds meaning to three dimensional spaces. The contributors to Multiculturalism as a Fourth Force seek to separate what we know from what we do not yet know about the importance of multiculturalism to these change...
Conservation of Books is the highly anticipated reference work on global book structures and their conservation, offering the first modern, comprehensive overview on this subject. The volume takes an international approach to its subject. Written by over 70 specialists in conservation and conservation science based in 19 countries, its 26 chapters cover traditional book structures from around the world, the materials from which they are made and how they degrade, and how to preserve and conserve them. It also examines the theoretical underpinnings of conservation: what and how to treat, and the ethical, cultural, and economic implications of treatment. Technical drawings and photographs illu...
Sustainable biomaterials are used as substitutions for traditional materials in aerospace, automotive, civil, mechanical, environmental engineering, medical, and other industries. This book presents the current knowledge and recent developments on the characterization and application of sustainable biomaterials with biomanufacturing 4.0 techniques. The book also describes the unique properties of various classes of sustainable biomaterials, making them highly suitable for many industrial applications. Advances in Sustainable Biomaterials: Bioprocessing 4.0, Characterizations, and Applications presents key chapters on smart biopolymer composites production and processing methods and provides ...
This book is an archival reference for the evolving field of biomaterials and their applications in society, focusing on their composition, properties, characterization, chemistry and applications in bioenergy, chemicals, and novel materials and biomaterials. It has broad appeal due to the recent heightened awareness around bioenergy and biomass as potential replacements for petroleum feedstocks. The book is divided into three parts: cellulose-based biomaterials, chitin and chitosan biomaterials, and hemicelluloses and other polysaccharides. Each chapter addresses a separate biomaterial, discussing its chemical, physical, and biological attributes, and hones in on each compound's intrinsic tunability for numerous chemical transformations. In the current quest for a "green" economy and resources, this book will help inspire scientists towards novel sources for chemicals, materials, and energy in the years to come.