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First Published in 2006. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Violence, Inequality, and Human Freedom is a sociological introduction to the study of violence that looks at violence on three different levels—structural, institutional, and interpersonal. The third edition is updated throughout, including a new chapter on educational violence and revised sections on economic and international violence.
This book argues that fear of crime is not always triggered by direct experience with, or knowledge about, criminal events. Fear can also be elicited by what can be termed 'incivility' - those features in a community that reflect the erosion of commonly accepted standards and values. Fear becomes a social problem when collective action is difficult and social change is rapid and devastating. In those communities where citizens develop the capacity to regulate behaviour in conformance with conventional standards, fear will be held in check. The book describes the results of a major research initiative undertaken by the Reactions to Crime Project (1975-80), and conducted at Northwestern University. In it, the authors trace the development of fear of crime as a social problem in the United States, and the dominance of the victimization perspective in its analysis, outline the major components of the social control perspective, and apply that perspective in the analysis of project data collected in ten neighborhoods in Chicago, Philadelphia and San Francisco. The final two chapters discuss the policy implications of the study.
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Focuses on one important phenomenon to explain larger currents in American society.
Constructing Crime examines why particular behaviours are defined and enforced as crimes and particular individuals are targeted as criminals. Contributors interrogate notions of crime, processes of criminalization, and the deployment of the concept of crime in five areas � the enforcement of fraud against welfare recipients and physicians, the enforcement of laws against Aboriginal harvesting practices, the perceptions of disorder in public housing projects, and the selective criminalization of gambling. These case studies and an afterword by Marie-Andr�e Bertrand challenge us to consider just who is rendered criminal and why.
Malcolm W. Klein Center for Research on Crime and Social Control University of Southern California 1. BACKGROUND In June of 1988, approximately forty scholars and researchers met for four days in the Leeuwenborst Congres Center in Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, to participate in a workshop entitled Self-Report Metho dology in Criminological Research. The participants represented 15 nations and 30 universities and research centers, a diversity that was matched by the experiences and focal interests in self-report methods among the participants. This volume is the result of the workshop process and in particular of the invitations to participants to prepare pre-conference papers for distrib...
Theories of criminality and theories of victimization have traditionally been discussed as though they bore no relationship to one another. Yet, a complete explanation for crime must examine both the decision to engage in crime by an offender and the everyday actions of ordinary citizens that increase vulnerability to criminals. The integration of these approaches yields testable models that have greater predictive power than could be obtained by looking only at models of offenders or models of victim behavior. A more general perspective that accounts for both the decision to engage in crime and the selection of particular crime targets is developed and tested.