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Analyzing Black History From Slavery Through Racial Profiling by Police
Around the world, Black individuals still fight for their rights. It is important to see the roots, the progression, and current state of both Black discrimination and Black liberation. In order to gain a complete understanding of this journey, a complete view of Black history is needed. Analyzing Black History From Slavery Through Racial Profiling by Police gives a historical overview of the transatlantic slave trade and police brutality. This book addresses various systemic injustices that have not only build the foundation of the land of the United States of America, but also lands like Australia and South Africa. Covering topics such as police brutality, slave mutinies, and traffic stops, this premier reference source is a dynamic resource for sociologists, historians, government officials, professionals, law enforcement officers, policymakers, students and educators of higher education, researchers, and academicians.
The Jury Summation as Speech Genre
The American courtroom trial is a speech situation. Everything occurs through the spoken word. The 'summation', as speech event embedded within the trial, which is the chronological and psychological culmination of it, is one of the few opportunities for the lawyer to communicate directly with jurors. But the speech genre summation involves preliminaries as well as the event itself; and it can affect the aftermath of the trial, for the decisions of the jurors may be influenced by this discourse.This ethnographic study considers the summation from three perspectives: that of the producer, from the point of view of the ethnographer who observed and analyzed sixty-six actual summations and from that of the receivers of the speech event who must act upon it. Information was obtained from post-deliberation questionnaires completed by 223 jurors, plus 35 alternate jurors.
Making Rights Real
It’s a common complaint: the United States is overrun by rules and procedures that shackle professional judgment, have no valid purpose, and serve only to appease courts and lawyers. Charles R. Epp argues, however, that few Americans would want to return to an era without these legalistic policies, which in the 1970s helped bring recalcitrant bureaucracies into line with a growing national commitment to civil rights and individual dignity. Focusing on three disparate policy areas—workplace sexual harassment, playground safety, and police brutality in both the United States and the United Kingdom—Epp explains how activists and professionals used legal liability, lawsuit-generated publicity, and innovative managerial ideas to pursue the implementation of new rights. Together, these strategies resulted in frameworks designed to make institutions accountable through intricate rules, employee training, and managerial oversight. Explaining how these practices became ubiquitous across bureaucratic organizations, Epp casts today’s legalistic state in an entirely new light.
Prosecution Complex
American prosecutors are asked to play two roles within the criminal justice system: they are supposed to be ministers of justice whose only goals are to ensure fair trials—and they are also advocates of the government whose success rates are measured by how many convictions they get. Because of this second role, sometimes prosecutors suppress evidence in order to establish a defendant’s guilt and safeguard that conviction over time. In Prosecution Complex, Daniel S. Medwed shows how prosecutors are told to lock up criminals and protect the rights of defendants. This double role creates an institutional “prosecution complex” that animates how district attorneys’ offices treat potentially innocent defendants at all stages of the process—and that can cause prosecutors to aid in the conviction of the innocent. Ultimately, Prosecution Complex shows how, while most prosecutors aim to do justice, only some hit that target consistently.
Lessons from Bernard Rudofsky
What we need is not a new way of building but a new way of living'so the subtitle of one of Rudofsky?'s last works. Setting out from the assumption that the design of every single room in a house is based on a physical function: one place to lie the body down to rest, another to take in food, a third to step into a tub to bath, Bernard Rudofsky (1905-88) believed architecture served to stimulate the senses and refine everyday culture. His conception of architecture and design is more topical today than ever. Internationally renowned in his day for the exhibitions he created for MoMA in the 1940s and 1950s, today he is remembered above all for his sharp-tongued, witty writings, which still speak to a broad audience. "Lessons from Bernard Rudofsky" is more than a collection of essays by experts and introduction to the complex concept of architecture and living of a cosmopolitan and unconventional thinker; the rich visual material conveys his philosophy: "I believe that sensory pleasure should take precedence over intellectual pleasure in art and architecture."
