Welcome to our book review site go-pdf.online!
You may have to Search all our reviewed books and magazines, click the sign up button below to create a free account.
LCA on reuse of packaging in the Nordics
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2024-515/ The study's goal was to understand the environmental impacts of different types of packaging throughout the life cycle, specifically reusable versus single-use ones, in takeaway and e-commerce industries in Nordic countries. It found that reusable packaging can be more eco-friendly, though how it compares depends on various factors, including how often it's reused. The study emphasises that there's no one-size-fits-all answer, as specific circumstances greatly influence results. However, with smart design and encouraging correct use, reusable packaging could significantly decrease environmental impact, offering a more sustainable path forward.
EPR-systems and new business models
This report is the primary outcome from Part II of the project “An extended producer responsibility (EPR) system and new business models to increase reuse and recycling of textiles in the Nordic region”. This report is the second and final report from this project. The report proposes three packages of policy instruments: •Mandatory extended producer responsibility with a sup-plementary tax on hazardous chemicals in textiles. •Voluntary collective EPR with supplementary recycling certificates and raw material fees. •Pool of policy instruments for new business models that in-crease the active lifetime, reuse and eventual recycling of textiles. The report is part of the Nordic Prime Ministers' overall green growth initiative: “The Nordic Region – leading in green growth” - read more in the web magazine “Green Growth the Nordic Way” at www.nordicway.org
Attributional and Consequential Life Cycle Assessment
An attributional life cycle assessment (ALCA) estimates what share of the global environmental burdens belongs to a product. A consequential LCA (CLCA) gives an estimate of how the global environmental burdens are affected by the production and use of the product. The distinction arose to resolve debates on what input data to use in an LCA and how to deal with allocation problems. An ALCA is based on average data, and allocation is performed by partitioning environmental burdens of a process between the life cycles served by this process. A CLCA ideally uses marginal data in many parts of the life cycle and avoids allocation through system expansion. This chapter aims to discuss and clarify ...
Systems Approaches and Their Application
This book describes the application of systems thinking across a broad field of cases representing research, teaching, decision support and construction. All cases are presented by experts who have actually been involved in the activities they describe. The broad selection of cases captures the great variation of systems thinking, and how it is integrated into models and theories and solid knowledge pertaining to different substantive areas.
