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Eastern European Railways in Transition
During the nineteenth century, railway lines spread rapidly across Europe, linking the continent in ways unimaginable to previous generations. By the beginning of the twentieth century the great cities of the continent were linked by a complex and extensive rail network. Yet this high-point of interconnectivity, was abruptly cut-off after 1945, as the Cold War built barriers - both physical and ideological - between east and west. In this volume, leading transport history scholars take a fresh look at this situation, and the ramifications it had for Europe. As well as addressing the parallel development of railways either side of the Iron Curtain, the book looks at how transport links have b...
Sciences in the Universities of Europe, Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
This book focuses on sciences in the universities of Europe in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and the chapters in it provide an overview, mostly from the point of view of the history of science, of the different ways universities dealt with the institutionalization of science teaching and research. A useful book for understanding the deep changes that universities were undergoing in the last years of the 20th century. The book is organized around four central themes: 1) Universities in the longue durée; 2) Universities in diverse political contexts; 3) Universities and academic research; 4) Universities and discipline formation. The book is addressed at a broad readership which includes scholars and researchers in the field of General History, Cultural History, History of Universities, History of Education, History of Science and Technology, Science Policy, high school teachers, undergraduate and graduate students of sciences and humanities, and the general interested public.
Ideocracies in Comparison
Ideocracies, or ideological dictatorships, such as the "Third Reich", the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China have, much more than any other kinds of autocracy, characterized the history of the 20th century. Despite their undeniable loss of significance, ideocracies have not disappeared from the world in the 21st century. This book explores the functioning of ideocracies and analyses the typical interplay of legitimation, co-optation and repression which autocratic elites use in an attempt to stabilize their rule. In the first part of the book, the contributors discuss the conceptual history of the ideocracy notion. The second part offers case studies pertaining to the Soviet S...
Political Opposition in Theory and Central European Practice
This book offers interpretations of different forms of political opposition in political theory and also in the contemporary development of politics and government in Central Europe. The problem is analyzed through a comparative approach. The first part of the book targets the question of definitions and typologies of political opposition, above all, in democratic, but partly also in non-democratic regimes. The second part deals with the question of models of political opposition in Central Europe after the fall of communism in the late twentieth century and in the present.
The Rise and Decline of Communist Czechoslovakia ́s Railway Sector
Once the pride of interwar Czechoslovakia, and key during the forced industrialization of the Stalinist period, during the 1970s and 1980s the Czechoslovak railway sector showed the symptoms of the political tiredness and economic exhaustion of the Soviet Bloc. This book examines the failure of central economic planning through the lens of this national transport system. Based on the presentation of its history and on the detailed scrutiny of the actors, institutions, internal mechanisms, and conditions of the railway sector, the analysis reveals the identities of the real stakeholders in the state administration. This case shows how the country was governed by Communist Party institutions a...
Collective Identities and Post-War Violence in Europe, 1944–48
This book analyses the process of ‘reshaping’ liberated societies in post-1945 Europe. Post-war societies tried to solve three main questions immediately after the dark times of occupation: Who could be considered a patriot and a valuable member of the respective national community? How could relations between men and women be (re-)established? How could the respective society strengthen national cohesion? Violence in rather different forms appeared to be a powerful tool for such a complex reshaping of societies. The chapters are based on present primary research about specific cases and consider the different political, mental, and cultural developments in various nation-states between 1944 and 1948. Examples from Italy, France, Norway, Denmark, Greece, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary demonstrate a new comparative and fascinating picture of post-war Europe. This perspective overcomes the notorious East-West dividing line, without covering the manifold differences between individual European countries.
History of Universities
Volume XXVII/2 of History of Universities contains the customary mix of learned articles and book reviews which makes this publication such an indispensable tool for the historian of higher education. The volume is, as always, a lively combination of original research and invaluable reference material.
Německo bez jádra? SRN na cestě k odklonu od jaderné energie
Německo se po havárii jaderné elektrárny ve Fukušimě rozhodlo urychleně ukončit provoz všech svých jaderných elektráren. Jaderná energie přitom po řadu desetiletí představovala nepostradatelný zdroj elektrické energie. Monografie Německo bez jádra? představuje v Česku výjimečný pohled na jadernou energetiku. Nespatřuje v ní jen technický problém, spadající pouze do kompetence inženýrů a techniků, nýbrž jedno z klíčových politicko-společenských témat posledních desetiletí. Autoři zasazují rozhodnutí vlády Angely Merkelové o ukončení provozu jaderných elektráren do širšího kontextu, sledují vývoj problematiky od počátku civilního v...
Studie k integraci přistěhovalců do německé společnosti
Publikace přináší soubor čtyř studií, jejichž společným tématem je integrace menšin do německé společnosti od druhé poloviny 20. století do současnosti. Kniha zkoumá integraci 12 milionů Němců vysídlených ze střední a východní Evropy po druhé světové válce, poté politickou integraci levicových radikálů a protestních hnutí, která dala vzniknout straně Zelených a rozvoji německé občanské společnosti. Dále je pozornost věnována dopadům německého znovusjednocení, a to především integraci obyvatel bývalého východního Německa do Spolkové republiky Německo. Knihu uzavírá studie o integrační politice v Berlíně v posledních několika dekádách.
