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Noncommutative differential geometry is a new approach to classical geometry. It was originally used by Fields Medalist A. Connes in the theory of foliations, where it led to striking extensions of Atiyah-Singer index theory. It also may be applicable to hitherto unsolved geometric phenomena and physical experiments. However, noncommutative differential geometry was not well understood even among mathematicians. Therefore, an international symposium on commutative differential geometry and its applications to physics was held in Japan, in July 1999. Topics covered included: deformation problems, Poisson groupoids, operad theory, quantization problems, and D-branes. The meeting was attended by both mathematicians and physicists, which resulted in interesting discussions. This volume contains the refereed proceedings of this symposium. Providing a state of the art overview of research in these topics, this book is suitable as a source book for a seminar in noncommutative geometry and physics.
Noncommutative differential geometry is a novel approach to geometry, aimed in part at applications in physics. It was founded in the early eighties by the 1982 Fields Medalist Alain Connes on the basis of his fundamental works in operator algebras. It is now a very active branch of mathematics with actual and potential applications to a variety of domains in physics ranging from solid state to quantization of gravity. The strategy is to formulate usual differential geometry in a somewhat unusual manner, using in particular operator algebras and related concepts, so as to be able to plug in noncommutativity in a natural way. Algebraic tools such as K-theory and cyclic cohomology and homology play an important role in this field. It is an important topic both for mathematics and physics.
"The book is aimed at researchers and graduate students working in differential topology, differential geometry, and global analysis who are interested in learning about operator algebras."--BOOK JACKET.
Inverse problems of spectral analysis deal with the reconstruction of operators of the specified form in Hilbert or Banach spaces from certain of their spectral characteristics. An interest in spectral problems was initially inspired by quantum mechanics. The main inverse spectral problems have been solved already for Schrödinger operators and for their finite-difference analogues, Jacobi matrices. This book treats inverse problems in the theory of small oscillations of systems with finitely many degrees of freedom, which requires finding the potential energy of a system from the observations of its oscillations. Since oscillations are small, the potential energy is given by a positive definite quadratic form whose matrix is called the matrix of potential energy. Hence, the problem is to find a matrix belonging to the class of all positive definite matrices. This is the main difference between inverse problems studied in this book and the inverse problems for discrete analogues of the Schrödinger operators, where only the class of tridiagonal Hermitian matrices are considered.
This book is devoted to arithmetic geometry with special attention given to the unramified Brauer group of algebraic varieties and its most striking applications in birational and Diophantine geometry. The topics include Galois cohomology, Brauer groups, obstructions to stable rationality, Weil restriction of scalars, algebraic tori, the Hasse principle, Brauer-Manin obstruction, and étale cohomology. The book contains a detailed presentation of an example of a stably rational but not rational variety, which is presented as series of exercises with detailed hints. This approach is aimed to help the reader understand crucial ideas without being lost in technical details. The reader will end up with a good working knowledge of the Brauer group and its important geometric applications, including the construction of unirational but not stably rational algebraic varieties, a subject which has become fashionable again in connection with the recent breakthroughs by a number of mathematicians.
This book offers a systematic presentation of cryptographic and code-theoretic aspects of the theory of Boolean functions. Both classical and recent results are thoroughly presented. Prerequisites for the book include basic knowledge of linear algebra, group theory, theory of finite fields, combinatorics, and probability. The book can be used by research mathematicians and graduate students interested in discrete mathematics, coding theory, and cryptography.
This authoritative volume in honor of Alain Connes, the foremost architect of Noncommutative Geometry, presents the state-of-the art in the subject. The book features an amalgam of invited survey and research papers that will no doubt be accessed, read, and referred to, for several decades to come. The pertinence and potency of new concepts and methods are concretely illustrated in each contribution. Much of the content is a direct outgrowth of the Noncommutative Geometry conference, held March 23–April 7, 2017, in Shanghai, China. The conference covered the latest research and future areas of potential exploration surrounding topology and physics, number theory, as well as index theory and its ramifications in geometry.
This book contains papers presented at the NSF/CBMS Regional Conference on Coordinates in Operator Algebras, held at Texas Christian University in Fort Worth in May 1990. During the conference, in addition to a series of ten lectures by Paul S Muhly (which will be published in a CBMS Regional Conference Series volume), there were twenty-eight lectures delivered by conference participants on a broad range of topics of current interest in operator algebras and operator theory. This volume contains slightly expanded versions of most of those lectures. Participants were encouraged to bring open problems to the conference, and, as a result, there are over one hundred problems and questions scattered throughout this volume. Readers will appreciate this book for the overview it provides of current topics and methods of operator algebras and operator theory.
This volume represents the proceedings of the conference on Noncommutative Geometric Methods in Global Analysis, held in honor of Henri Moscovici, from June 29-July 4, 2009, in Bonn, Germany. Henri Moscovici has made a number of major contributions to noncommutative geometry, global analysis, and representation theory. This volume, which includes articles by some of the leading experts in these fields, provides a panoramic view of the interactions of noncommutative geometry with a variety of areas of mathematics. It focuses on geometry, analysis and topology of manifolds and singular spaces, index theory, group representation theory, connections of noncommutative geometry with number theory and arithmetic geometry, Hopf algebras and their cyclic cohomology.
This book contains a collection of articles provided by the participants of the SFB-workshop on C*-algebras, March 8 - March 12, 1999 which was held at the Sonderforschungsbereich "Geometrische Strukturen in der reinen Mathematik" of the University of Münster, Germany. The aim of the workshop was to bring together leading experts in the theory of C* -algebras with promising young researchers in the field, and to provide a stimulating atmosphere for discussions and interactions between the participants. There were 19 one-hour lectures on various topics like - classification of nuclear C* -algebras, - general K-theory for C* -algebras, - exact C* -algebras and exact groups, - C*-algebras asso...