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This classroom-tested textbook is a modern primer on the rapidly developing field of quantum nano optics which investigates the optical properties of nanosized materials. The essentials of both classical and quantum optics are presented before embarking through a stimulating selection of further topics, such as various plasmonic phenomena, thermal effects, open quantum systems, and photon noise. Didactic and thorough in style, and requiring only basic knowledge of classical electrodynamics, the text provides all further physics background and additional mathematical and computational tools in a self-contained way. Numerous end-of-chapter exercises allow students to apply and test their understanding of the chapter topics and to refine their problem-solving techniques.
Nanospectroscopy addresses the spectroscopy of very small objects down to single molecules or atoms, or high-resolution spectroscopy performed on regions much smaller than the wavelength of light, revealing their local optical, electronic and chemical properties. This work highlights modern examples where optical nanospectroscopy is exploited in modern photonics, optical sensing, the life sciences, medicine, or state-of-the-art applications in material, chemical and biological sciences. Two-volume graduate textbook "Optical Nanospectroscopy" by the editors: Vol. 1: Fundamentals & Methods. Vol. 2: Instrumentation, Simulation & Materials.
This book provides an introduction to representative nonrelativistic quantum control problems and their theoretical analysis and solution via modern computational techniques. The quantum theory framework is based on the Schr?dinger picture, and the optimization theory, which focuses on functional spaces, is based on the Lagrange formalism. The computational techniques represent recent developments that have resulted from combining modern numerical techniques for quantum evolutionary equations with sophisticated optimization schemes. Both finite and infinite-dimensional models are discussed, including the three-level Lambda system arising in quantum optics, multispin systems in NMR, a charged particle in a well potential, Bose?Einstein condensates, multiparticle spin systems, and multiparticle models in the time-dependent density functional framework. This self-contained book covers the formulation, analysis, and numerical solution of quantum control problems and bridges scientific computing, optimal control and exact controllability, optimization with differential models, and the sciences and engineering that require quantum control methods.
The spin degree of freedom is an intrinsically quantum-mechanical phenomenon, leading to both intriguing applications and unsolved fundamental issues (such as "where does the proton spin come from"). The present volume investigates central aspects of modern spin physics in the form of extensive lectures on semiconductor spintronics, the spin-pairing mechanism in high-temperature semiconductors, spin in quantum field theory and the nucleon spin.
This thesis demonstrates a full Mach–Zehnder interferometer with interacting Bose–Einstein condensates confined on an atom chip. It relies on the coherent manipulation of atoms trapped in a magnetic double-well potential, for which the author developed a novel type of beam splitter. Particle-wave duality enables the construction of interferometers for matter waves, which complement optical interferometers in precision measurement devices, both for technological applications and fundamental tests. This requires the development of atom-optics analogues to beam splitters, phase shifters and recombiners. Particle interactions in the Bose–Einstein condensate lead to a nonlinearity, absent in photon optics. This is exploited to generate a non-classical state with reduced atom-number fluctuations inside the interferometer. This state is then used to study the interaction-induced dephasing of the quantum superposition. The resulting coherence times are found to be a factor of three longer than expected for coherent states, highlighting the potential of entanglement as a resource for quantum-enhanced metrology.
Plasmons as Sensors covers the fundamental developments of plasmonic nanosenor design over the last few years. In his acclaimed thesis, Jan Becker addresses the relevant theoretical concepts and then applies these to discuss the properties and trends in nanoparticles of various shapes and sizes. The first discovery Jan makes in his PhD research is that there is an optimal shape for plasmonic nanoparticles used for sensing purposes. In further chapters he goes on to describe novel experimental methods to use plasmonic nanoparticles for molecular sensing. The approach he develops in parallel sensing is one which revolutionizes the field and allows investigation of a variety of topics from nanoparticle growth to membrane protein attachment. Many of the experiments described in this thesis have led to highly visible publications in international journals.
This book provides a bridge between continuous optimization and PDE modelling and focuses on the numerical solution of the corresponding problems. Intended for graduate students in PDE-constrained optimization, it is also suitable as an introduction for researchers in scientific computing or optimization.
This book introduces the fascinating world of plasmonics and physics at the nanoscale, with a focus on simulations and the theoretical aspects of optics and nanotechnology. A research field with numerous applications, plasmonics bridges the gap between the micrometer length scale of light and the secrets of the nanoworld. This is achieved by binding light to charge density oscillations of metallic nanostructures, so-called surface plasmons, which allow electromagnetic radiation to be focussed down to spots as small as a few nanometers. The book is a snapshot of recent and ongoing research and at the same time outlines our present understanding of the optical properties of metallic nanopartic...
The 2001 Spring Meeting of the 65th Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft was held together with the 65. Physikertagung, in Hamburg, during the pe riod March 26 30 2001. With more than 3500 conference attendees, a record has again been achieved after several years of stabilisation in participation. This proves the continuing and now even increasing, attraction of solid state physics, especially for young colleagues who often discuss for the first time their scientific results in public at this meeting. More than 2600 scientific pa pers were presented orally, as well as posters, among them about 120 invited lectures from Germany and from abroad. This Volume 41 of "Advances in Solid State Physic...
The aim of this book is to present review articles describing the latest theoretical and experimental developments in the field of cold atoms and molecules. Our hope is that this series will promote research by both highlighting recent breakthroughs and by outlining some of the most promising research directions in the field.