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The development of fair, objective, & manageable offender classification systems (CS) has been a significant concern of correctional admin. for some time. Building & facility expansion programs are critically affected by classification decisions, as is resource allocation for programming. Parity issues & the possibility of litigation are major concerns. This report presents a critical review of issues relevant to the evaluation of correctional CS. Topics covered: standards for conducting classification evaluations; impact evaluation & validation goals; evaluation questions, designs, & method; & sampling & data collection techniques. Examples used reflect actual evaluations of CS & should be helpful in clarifying areas of concern. Illustrations.
Identity theft (IT) has been a feature of financial markets for as long as alternatives have existed to cash transactions. But IT has recently occurred on a much larger scale. Data breaches often involve the apparent loss or acknowledged theft of the personal identifying info. of thousands -- or millions -- of people. IT poses risks, not only to individuals, but to the integrity & efficiency of the payment system -- the policies, procedures, & technology that transfer info. for authenticating & settling payments among participants. Either represents a loss of efficiency for the economy. This article looks at the nature of IT today & the factors driving its rapid growth. Also explores whether markets are able to limit the risks IT poses to the payment system. Graphs.
First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
The U.S. census, conducted every 10 years since 1790, faces dramatic new challenges as the country begins its third century. Critics of the 1990 census cited problems of increasingly high costs, continued racial differences in counting the population, and declining public confidence. This volume provides a major review of the traditional U.S. census. Starting from the most basic questions of how data are used and whether they are needed, the volume examines the data that future censuses should provide. It evaluates several radical proposals that have been made for changing the census, as well as other proposals for redesigning the year 2000 census. The book also considers in detail the much-criticized long form, the role of race and ethnic data, and the need for and ways to obtain small-area data between censuses.