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This report summarizes the bedrock geology of the western part of the northern Wasatch Range in eastern Box Elder County, Utah , and its relation to ground-water resources. The southern part of the northern Wasatch Range is herein informally designated the Willard mountains; the northern part of the northern Wasatch Range is the Wellsville Mountains. Box Elder Canyon is the boundary between these mountains. The work was performed at the request of the Bear River Water Conservancy District and the Utah Division of Water Resources, and represents a preliminary step in the evaluation of groundwater resources in bedrock and their potential development in eastern Box Elder County.
Geologic exposures in the Salt Lake City region record a long history of sedimentation and tectonic activity extending back to the Precambrian Era. Today, the city lies above a deep, sediment-filled basin flanked by two uplifted range blocks, the Wasatch Range and the Oquirrh Mountains. The Wasatch Range is the easternmost expression of major Basin and Range extension in north-central Utah and is bounded on the west by the Wasatch fault zone (WFZ), a major zone of active normal faulting. During the late Pleistocene Epoch, the Salt Lake City region was dominated by a succession of inter-basin lakes. Lake Bonneville was the last and probably the largest of these lakes. By 11,000 yr BP, Lake Bonneville had receded to approximately the size of the present Great Salt Lake.
Geologic maps: a few lucky geologists make them; many geoscientists, engineers, and planners use them; untold scores of people wonder what they are all about. Perhaps the most common question we are asked, those few of us who do make geologic maps, is, simply,“What is a geologic map?” This query is often followed by “What are geologic maps used for?,” “Hasn’t it been mapped before?,” and, if the person is really inquisitive, “What do all those lines, colors, and symbols represent?” It must be a puzzling sight - a lone geologist, often miles from the nearest road, looking at rocks, putting lines on a map or aerial photograph. One rightfully wonders what that person is doing. This pamphlet answers these questions and points out the value and many uses of geologic maps.