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SIGMA
It has long been a dream to realize machines with flexible visual perception capability. Research on digital image processing by computers was initiated about 30 years ago, and since then a wide variety of image processing algorithms have been devised. Using such image processing algorithms and advanced hardware technologies, many practical ma chines with visual recognition capability have been implemented and are used in various fields: optical character readers and design chart readers in offices, position-sensing and inspection systems in factories, computer tomography and medical X-ray and microscope examination systems in hospitals, and so on. Although these machines are useful for spec...
Human Engineering in Stereoscopic Viewing Devices
This book gathers together information concerning the interaction of hu man stereopsis with various stereoscopic viewing devices, especially those used in teleoperator systems. The book is not concerned with machine vi sion systems. In these systems, data analogous to human binocular visual information is gathered and analyzed by some device for use in decision making or control, often without the intervention of a human. This subject presents problems of considerable complexity; it has generated many inge nious solutions and has been the inspiration of much work of fundamental importance. But the problems are quite different from those encountered in the design of systems intended to exploi...
Pyramidal Architectures for Computer Vision
Computer vision deals with the problem of manipulating information contained in large quantities of sensory data, where raw data emerge from the transducing 6 7 sensors at rates between 10 to 10 pixels per second. Conventional general purpose computers are unable to achieve the computation rates required to op erate in real time or even in near real time, so massively parallel systems have been used since their conception in this important practical application area. The development of massively parallel computers was initially character ized by efforts to reach a speedup factor equal to the number of processing elements (linear scaling assumption). This behavior pattern can nearly be achiev...
Image Description and Retrieval
With the recent advances in multimedia technology, on-line libraries of digital images are assuming an ever increasing relevance within a wide range of information systems. Effective access to such archives requires on external textual keywords that conventional searching techniques based are complemented by content-based queries addressing appearing visual features of searched data. Central to this retrieval approach is the creation of models, which permit to abstract images into some space of features and support indexing and comparison of visual contents. Depending on the specific characteris tics of the images at hand, such models can rely on different facets of the informative contents ...
Computer Vision for Electronics Manufacturing
DEFECT PROPORTION OF DETECTION INITIAL RATE DETECTION RATE INSPECTOR 3 COMPLEXITY OF TIMES PAN OF PERFORMING o~ ________________________ o~ ______________________ __ -;. INSPECTION TASK -;. VISUAL INSPECTION Fagure 1. Trends in relations between the complexity of inspection tasks, defect detection rates (absolute and relative), and inspection time. Irrespective of the necessities described above, and with the excep tion of specific generic application systems (e.g., bare-board PCB inspection, wafer inspection, solder joint inspection, linewidth measure ment), vision systems are still not found frequently in today's electronics factories. Besides cost, some major reasons for this absence are:...
Computational Analysis of Visual Motion
Image motion processing is important to machine vision systems because it can lead to the recovery of 3D structure and motion. Author Amar Mitiche offers a comprehensive mathematical treatment of this key subject in visual systems research. Mitiche examines the interpretation of point correspondences as well as the interpretation of straight line correspondences and optical flow. In addition, the author considers interpretation by knowledge-based systems and presents the relevant mathematical basis for 3D interpretation.
Military Operations Research
Operations Research (OR) emerged in an effort to improve the effectiveness of newly inducted weapons and equipment during World War II. While rapid growth ofOR led to its becoming an important aid to decision making in all sectors including defense, its contribution in defense remained largely confined to classified reports. Very few books dealing with applications of quantitative decision making techniques in military have been published presumably due to limited availability ofrelevant information. The situation changed rapidly during the last few years. The recognition of the subject of Military Operations Research (MOR) gave tremendous boost to its development. Books and journals on MOR ...
Machine Learning and Image Interpretation
In this groundbreaking new volume, computer researchers discuss the development of technologies and specific systems that can interpret data with respect to domain knowledge. Although the chapters each illuminate different aspects of image interpretation, all utilize a common approach - one that asserts such interpretation must involve perceptual learning in terms of automated knowledge acquisition and application, as well as feedback and consistency checks between encoding, feature extraction, and the known knowledge structures in a given application domain. The text is profusely illustrated with numerous figures and tables to reinforce the concepts discussed.
The Fifth Annual AI Systems in Government Conference, May 6-11, 1990, Washington, D.C.
The conference was held in Washington, DC, May 1990. The papers address topics in expert system development and management; planning and scheduling; knowledge acquisition and management systems; human computer interaction; expert database systems; expert advisory systems; natural language; knowledge
