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Progress in Drug Research is a prestigious book series which provides extensive expert-written reviews on a wide spectrum of highly topical areas in current pharmaceutical and pharmacological research. It serves as an important source of information for researchers concerned with drug research and all those who need to keep abreast of the many recent developments in the quest for new and better medicines.
Heterocycles are ubiquitously present in nature and occupy a unique place in organic chemistry as they are part of the DNA and haemoglobin that make life possible. The Chemistry of Heterocycles covers an introduction to the topic, followed by a chapter on the nomenclature of all classes of isolated, fused and polycyclic heterocycles. The third chapter delineates the highly strained three membered N,O and S containing aromatic and non-aromatic heterocycles with one and more than one similar and dissimilar heteroatom. The four-membered heterocycles are abundantly present in various natural and synthetic products of pharmacological importance. This chapter describes the natural abundance, synthesis, chemical reactivity, structural features and their medicinal importance. This class of compounds are present as sub-structures in penicillin and cytotoxic Taxol. Lastly, a chapter on the natural abundance, synthesis, chemical reactivity and pharmacological importance of 5-membered heterocycles with N,O,S heteroatom is covered. The chemistry of heterocycles with mixed heteroatom such as, N-S, N-O, N-S etc. is also described.
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This book is a groundbreaking exploration of N-heterocycles, encompassing their historical significance, current prospects, and diverse biological applications. The book's primary objectives are to unravel the historical evolution of N-heterocycles, elucidate their contemporary relevance, and investigate their crucial role in various scientific domains. This book fills a substantial knowledge gap by offering a holistic perspective on N-heterocycles, fostering a profound understanding of their diverse applications, inspiring future research directions, and serving as a vital educational resource. It employs a multifaceted approach, including historical analysis, literature review, case studie...
The Chemistry of Heterocycles: Chemistry of Six to Eight Membered N,O, S, P and Se Heterocycles details the chemistry, behavior and potential of these important structures. The book presents a practical guide to international nomenclature, including discussions of fused ring systems, heteroatoms with abnormal valences, and bridged, spiro and polycyclic heterocycles. Three membered heterocycles are then the focus, along with their thermodynamic properties and importance in natural products, medicines, materials, and their unique aspects, such as strain, basicity and reactivity. Additional chapters cover 100 key heterocycle structures, from Azetidines, Pyrroles and Pyridines, to Benzoxepines a...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) was first identified in 1989 as the etiologic agent of non-A, non-B hepatitis [1] and is currently recognized as the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. In contrast to hepatitis B virus infection, in which only about 5% of adult infections become chronic, more than 80% of HCV-infected patients develop chronic hepatitis. Moreover, 20-50% of those persistently infected with HCV will develop liver cirrhosis and hepatocellu lar carcinoma (HCC) [2]. It is estimated that there are 10,000 deaths in the USA per year due to chronic liver failure or HCC [3]. In addition, HCV dis 25-50% of all liver transplants in US centers, and the ease is responsible for recurrence of HCV infection following liver transplantation is universal [4]. Typically, HCV disease emerges after a 10-20 year period during which symp toms, if they exist at all, are mild and non-specific. Although the prevalence varies greatly among different countries, it has been estimated that up to 170 million people (3% of the world's population), are infected with HCV [5]. A recent study in the USA found that 65% of all HCV-infected persons are 30 to 49 years old [6].