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Development Digest
A quarterly journal of excerpts, summaries and reprints of current materials on economic and social development.
Decentralizing Infrastructure
World Bank Discussion Paper No. 286. This report was commissioned as part of a project on the effectiveness of credit policies in East Asian countries. In the Republic of Korea, the government has played a pervasive role in promoting industrialization and economic development. The report documents the use of directed credit programs and highlights what made government intervention effective: its close consultation with industry, the existence of a competitive business environment, and a strong monitoring and evaluation system. The report notes the risk-sharing arrangements developed by Korean policymakers and the flexible adaptation of directed credit programs to the changing needs of the Korean economy. The authors also emphasize the long-term costs of reliance on directed credit programs and the measures taken in recent years to redirect the programs' objectives and redress the imbalances that have arisen along Korea's path to economic development.
Restructuring Large Industrial Firms in Central and Eastern Europe
This report addresses the most important challenges facing the Latin America and Caribbean region as it attempts to replace its traditional economic and social structures, including populist institutions, with a modern, efficient, administrative state. The analysis focuses on the political economy of pending reforms and their ramifications. The report discusses (1) recent economic and political developments; (2) systemic issues such as high real interest and unemployment rates and declining export growth; (3) social policies and the need to consolidate macroeconomic stability; and (4) how to define and build the new Latin American state. An appendix provides detailed information on selected country performance.
Health Reform in Africa
Describes the World Bank's 24 years of lending experience in urban development and makes recommendations for improving urban services, public health, and public financing.
On the Road to EU Accession
Analyzes the causes of the inflation, debt, and growth crises that have occurred over the past 25 years, the paths to recovery, and the role of foreign aid in resolving the problems.
Did External Barriers Cause the Marginalization of Sub-Saharan Africa in World Trade?
Urban Management Programme Paper No. 20. Reviews the specific actions that municipalities and city governments may take in contributing to urban poverty reduction. The paper highlights example of issues, options, and constraints that urban governments must address in fighting poverty. It focuses on municipalities and other city-level government entities as a critical institutional level of intervention. Other language editions available: French--Stock No. 13814 (ISBN 0-8213-3814-5); English--Stock No. 13716 (ISBN 0-8213-3716-5).
The Role of Family Planning and Targeted Credit Programs in Demographic Change in Bangladesh
FIAS Occasional Paper No. 6. Examines and compares the recent experiences of a number of developing countries in encouraging backward linkages, the purchasing of goods and services from locally owned suppliers by companies controlled by foreign firms. The authors argue that economic liberalization helps rather than hurts domestic suppliers, that institutional support focusing on upgrading the capabilities of domestic suppliers is critical, and that promotional programs combining public and private resources can accelerate linkage development.
Land Quality Indicators
Spanish edition (Reformas Laborales y Economicas en America Latina y el Caribe). Examines key aspects of labor market conditions as they are affected by the economic reforms that are integrating Latin American and Caribbean economies with world markets. Also available: English edition (ISBN 0-8213-3348-8) Stock No. 13348; Portuguese edition (ISBN 0-8213-3502-2) Stock No. 13502.
Procurement and Disbursement Manual for Projects with Community Participation
Draws on the experience of Bulgaria to study the problems encountered in financing government operations in the transition economies. This report describes Bulgaria's experience in addressing external shocks to its economy and large declines in the ratio of tax revenues to GDP. The book provides broad coverage of the problems many other governments face in transforming their systems of taxation in the transition to a market economy. Chapters discuss taxation and incentives, government and households, indirect taxation, and financing of social expenditures. Attention is also drawn to the implementation of a value-added tax and to policies on fuel taxes. The report facilitates an understanding of the differences between actual and optimal policies as governments seek to establish a framework for resolving their budgetary problems in the transition.
Policy Options for Reform of Chinese State-owned Enterprises
Annotation World Bank Discussion Paper No. 335. Presents the proceedings of a high-level international symposium on Chinese state-owned enterprise reform held in Beijing, China, June 1995. This report includes five policy option papers presented by Chinese officials and one presented by the World Bank Group that makes recommendations for reform on the basis of the Group's international experience in this area.
