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Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2008
The international conference on "Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics", held on February 27-29, 2008 at Wuppertal University in Germany, was the fourth in this series after successful meetings in Duisburg (2001), Greenwich (2003) and Vienna (2005). The conference was aimed at improving the scientific exchange between scientists, experts and practitioners of various fields of pedestrian and evacuation dynamics and featured: the analysis of evacuation processes and pedestrian motion, modeling of pedestrian dynamics in various situations, experiments on pedestrian dynamics, human behavior research, regulatory action. All these topics are included in this book to give a broad and state-of-the-art overview of pedestrian and evacuation dynamics.
Akteurzentrierte Unterstützung bei Gefahrensituationen in der U-Bahn
Diese Arbeit trägt zum Verständnis bei, wie Erkenntnisse aus der Informationsbereitstellung und deren individueller Verwendung beim Entscheiden in U-Bahn-Gefahrensituationen eingesetzt werden können, um Akteure zum effektiveren Handeln zu befähigen. Das derzeitige Vorgehen in der Gefahrenabwehr und die zur Anwendung kommenden Maßnahmen werden dahin gehend untersucht, welche Rolle Informationen zukommt. Darüber hinaus werden Informationsverfügbarkeit und -bedarf für den betrachteten Anwendungsfall analysiert. Erkenntnisse aus der Informationsbereitstellung und der individuellen Informationsverarbeitung werden gegenüber gestellt. Auf dieser Basis wird ein Konzept zur ganzheitlichen Informationsnutzung in Gefahrensituationen in der U-Bahn entwickelt, prototypisch umgesetzt und hinsichtlich des Nutzens evaluiert. Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine effiziente Informationsnutzung einen wichtigen Einfluss auf den Erfolg im Umgang mit Gefahrensituationen in U-Bahnen besitzt.
Politik und Unsicherheit
Unsicherheit ist zu einem zentralen Thema der Politik geworden: Sowohl das Ausmaß der neuen Bedrohungen als auch die Effektivität von Gegenmaßnahmen sind ungewiss. Der damit verbundene Wandel der Sicherheitskultur fordert die staatliche Politikfähigkeit heraus. Der Band thematisiert Optionen und Strategien im Umgang mit vier Dilemmata: objektive und subjektive Gefahrenabschätzung; Verantwortung und Haftung bei komplexen Sicherheitsgefährdungen; Kommunikation zwischen Verharmlosung und Dramatisierung von Risiken sowie intendierte und nicht intendierte Konsequenzen der Sicherheitsforschung. Die Autoren sind Wissenschaftler, politische Entscheidungsträger und Praktiker der Sicherheitspolitik.
This is Improbable Too
The mind behind the infamous Ig Nobel Prizes presents an addictive collection of improbable research all about us – and you Marc Abrahams collects the odd, the imaginative and the brilliantly improbable. Here he turns to research on the ins and outs of the very improbable evolutionary innovation that is the human body (brain included): • What’s the best way to get a monkey to floss regularly? • How much dandruff do Pakistani soldiers have? • If you add an extra henchman to your bank-robbing gang, how much more money will you 'earn'? • How many dimples will be found on the cheeks of 28,282 Greek children? • Who is the Einstein of pork carcasses?
Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics
An aging population, increasing obesity and more people with mobility impairments are bringing new challenges to the management of routine and emergency people movement in many countries. These population challenges, coupled with the innovative designs being suggested for both the built environment and other commonly used structures (e.g., transportation systems) and the increasingly complex incident scenarios of fire, terrorism, and large-scale community disasters, provide even greater challenges to population management and safety. Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, an edited volume, is based on the Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (PED) 5th International 2010 conference, March 8th-10th 2010, located at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA. This volume addresses both pedestrian and evacuation dynamics and associated human behavior to provide answers for policy makers, designers, and emergency management to help solve real world problems in this rapidly developing field. Data collection, analysis, and model development of people movement and behavior during nonemergency and emergency situations will be covered as well.
Agent-based Modeling and Simulation in Archaeology
Archaeology has been historically reluctant to embrace the subject of agent-based simulation, since it was seen as being used to "re-enact" and "visualize" possible scenarios for a wider (generally non-scientific) audience, based on scarce and fuzzy data. Furthermore, modeling "in exact terms" and programming as a means for producing agent-based simulations were simply beyond the field of the social sciences. This situation has changed quite drastically with the advent of the internet age: Data, it seems, is now ubiquitous. Researchers have switched from simply collecting data to filtering, selecting and deriving insights in a cybernetic manner. Agent-based simulation is one of the tools used to glean information from highly complex excavation sites according to formalized models, capturing essential properties in a highly abstract and yet spatial manner. As such, the goal of this book is to present an overview of techniques used and work conducted in that field, drawing on the experience of practitioners.
Traffic and Granular Flow ' 07
Covers several research fields dealing with transport. This work covers three main topics including road traffic, granular matter, and biological transport. It considers different points of views including modelling, simulations, experiments, and phenomenological observations.
Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2012
The 6th International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (PED2012) showcased research on human locomotion. This book presents the proceedings of PED2012. Humans have walked for eons; our drive to settle the globe began with a walk out of Africa. However, much remains to discover. As the world moves toward sustainability while racing to assess and accommodate climate change, research must provide insight on the physical requirements of walking, the dynamics of pedestrians on the move and more. We must understand, predict and simulate pedestrian behaviour, to avoid dangerous situations, to plan for emergencies, and not least, to make walking more attractive and enjoyable. PED2012 offered 70 presentations and keynote talks as well as 70 poster presentations covering new and improved mathematical models, describing new insights on pedestrian behaviour in normal and emergency cases and presenting research based on sensors and advanced observation methods. These papers offer a starting point for innovative new research, building a strong foundation for the next conference and for future research.
Modeling, Simulation and Visual Analysis of Crowds
Over the last several years there has been a growing interest in developing computational methodologies for modeling and analyzing movements and behaviors of ‘crowds' of people. This interest spans several scientific areas that includes Computer Vision, Computer Graphics, and Pedestrian Evacuation Dynamics. Despite the fact that these different scientific fields are trying to model the same physical entity (i.e. a crowd of people), research ideas have evolved independently. As a result each discipline has developed techniques and perspectives that are characteristically their own. The goal of this book is to provide the readers a comprehensive map towards the common goal of better analyzing and synthesizing the pedestrian movement in dense, heterogeneous crowds. The book is organized into different parts that consolidate various aspects of research towards this common goal, namely the modeling, simulation, and visual analysis of crowds. Through this book, readers will see the common ideas and vision as well as the different challenges and techniques, that will stimulate novel approaches to fully grasping “crowds."
Kürschners deutscher Gelehrten-Kalender
Each volume includes "Wissenschaftliche zeitschriften."
