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The Economics of Decarbonizing Electricity Production
Electricity production is the sector with the largest share of global emissions and there are many options for decarbonizing it. Identifying the lowest cost option for achieving decarbonization (and full reliability) is a complex optimization problem at the intersection of economics and engineering. Key determinants are the cost of individual technologies, the geographical potential, the complementarities between energy sources and supporting infrastructure like electricity grids and energy storage. This paper reviews the literature on the subject and draws high-level conclusions from the abundance of specialized analyses. It finds that energy-economy models have strongly changed projections...
Arcticness
Climate change and globalisation are opening up the Arctic for exploitation by the world – or so we are told. But what about the views, interests and needs of the peoples who live in the region? This volume explores the opportunities and limitations in engaging with the Arctic under change, and the Arctic peoples experiencing the changes, socially and physically. With essays by both academics and Arctic peoples, integrating multiple perspectives and multiple disciplines, the book covers social, legal, political, geographical, scientific and creative questions related to Arcticness, to address the challenges faced by the Arctic as a region and specifically by local communities. As well as a...
The Palgrave Handbook of Global Sustainability
The field of sustainability continues to evolve as a discipline. The world is facing multiple sustainability challenges such as climate change, water depletion, ecosystem loss, and environmental racism. The Handbook of Sustainability will provide a comprehensive reference for the field that examines in depth the major themes within what are known as the three E’s of sustainability: environment, equity, and economics. These three themes will serve as the main organizing body of the work. In addition, the work will include sections on history and sustainability, major figures in the development of sustainability as a discipline, and important organizations that contributed or that continue to contribute to sustainability as a field. The work is explicitly global in scope as it considers the very different issues associated with sustainability in the global north and south
God and Gaia
God and Gaia explores the overlap between traditional religious cosmologies and the scientific Gaia theory of James Lovelock. It argues that a Gaian approach to the ecological crisis involves rebalancing human and more-than-human influences on Earth by reviving the ecological agency of local and indigenous human communities, and of nonhuman beings. Present-day human ecological influences on Earth have been growing at pace since the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions, when modern humans adopted a machine cosmology in which humans are the sole intelligent agency. The resultant imbalance between human and Earthly agencies is degrading the species diversity of ecosystems, causing local climat...
Advances in Remote Sensing for Global Forest Monitoring
The topics of the book cover forest parameter estimation, methods to assess land cover and change, forest disturbances and degradation, and forest soil drought estimations. Airborne laser scanner data, aerial images, as well as data from passive and active sensors of different spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions have been utilized. Parametric and non-parametric methods including machine and deep learning methods have been employed. Uncertainty estimation is a key topic in each study. In total, 15 articles are included, of which one is a review article dealing with methods employed in remote sensing aided greenhouse gas inventories, and one is the Editorial summary presenting a short review of each article.
Climate Catastrophe! Science or Science Fiction?
This book is dedicated to science. Scientists are skeptical, we ask: “Is that idea correct? How can I test it?” Then we resolve to gather and analyze data until we show it isn’t or it might be. If we cannot disprove the idea, it survives. No true scientist “believes in science” because he knows science is a process, a process we use to uncover the truth. One cannot have faith in science, but one can believe in the scientific process or method.
Harnessing Renewables in Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa needs to significantly accelerate its electricity generation. While hydropower is prominent in some countries, solar and wind power generation has lagged other world regions, even though sub-Saharan Africa has some of the most favorable conditions. A mix of domestic and external financing can increase both renewable electricity generation and GDP. In a scenario where about $25 bn in climate finance flows are allocated annually to renewable energy, renewable electricity production could be up to 24 percent higher than in a scenario excluding this financing, and annual GDP growth would be boosted by 0.8 percentage point on average over the next decade, accompanied by stronger labor demand in the electricity sector. Policies can help catalyze climate finance. An ambitious package of governance, business regulations, and external sector reforms is associated with a 20 percent increase in climate finance flows and a 7 percent increase in electricity generation over five years. In addition, implementing climate policies is linked to increases in green foreign direct investment announcements and green electricity production.
Human Impacts at a Planetary Scale
As humans, we have remarkable capacity to collaborate, building global infrastructure that connects financial, political and social systems. However, having scaled our infrastructure globally, planetary boundaries have been exceeded in multiple directions. To protect Earth, we now face a task to transition both philosophically and technologically to lifestyles that seek to restore critical functions of natural ecosystems so that we, and other species on the planet, can survive. This is a mammoth challenge that will require changes in the jobs of hundreds of millions of people and a shift in ethic and legislation toward ecological protection and restoration. This book explores the motivations of human society, our global infrastructure and legislation. It highlights various systems and challenges that are contributing to ecosystem and species loss, and documents some of the solutions being offered. The interconnectivity of all these things is evident given the overlapping themes throughout the various sections, and the book serves to collectively highlight some of these major challenges and the locked-in nature of our systems so that we can address them.
Unsettled (Updated and Expanded Edition)
In this updated and expanded edition of climate scientist Steven Koonin’s groundbreaking book, go behind the headlines to discover the latest eye-opening data about climate change—with unbiased facts and realistic steps for the future. "Greenland’s ice loss is accelerating." "Extreme temperatures are causing more fatalities." "Rapid 'climate action' is essential to avoid a future climate disaster." You've heard all this presented as fact. But according to science, all of these statements are profoundly misleading. With the new edition of Unsettled, Steven Koonin draws on decades of experience—including as a top science advisor to the Obama administration—to clear away the fog and e...
Changing Land Uses - Shrinking Streams and Carbon Sinks
The book, ‘Changing Land Uses – Shrinking Streams and Carbon Sinks’, attempts at providing an overview of the calamitous consequences of deforestation on the world climate. Deforestation worldwide has been lowering the carbon sequestration potential of forests and increasing the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. The planet is already warmer by 1.10 C than the preindustrial era and as a result we are facing disastrous consequences in terms of frequent and destructive climatic catastrophes, namely, storms, sea surges, floods, droughts etc. Several perennial streams have become seasonal owing to deforestation in the catchments. With special reference to Karnataka’s Western Ghat fo...
