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Handbook of Vitamin C Research
The 6-carbon lactone known as ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is an important water-soluble vitamin. It is essential for preserving optimal health and it is used by the body for many purposes, including collagen biosynthesis, melanin reduction and enhanced immunity. This book addresses some important issues related to various methods which are employed to encapsulate asorbic acid. A comparation of the characteristics of ascorbic acid nano and microparticles prepared by different methods is also given. Furthermore, the biomedical significance of human vitamin C metabolism is examined, in the light of polymorphisms in xenobiotic enzymes deduced from genetic, biochemical and epidemiological results t...
Beta Carotene
ß-Carotene is an organic compound -- a red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruits. As a carotene with ß-rings at both ends, it is the most common form of carotene. It is a precursor (inactive form) of vitamin A. ß-carotene is abundant in Vietnam gac, crude palm oil, yellow and orange fruits, such as mangoes and papayas, orange root vegetables such as carrots and yams and in green leafy vegetables such as spinach, kale, sweet potato leaves, and sweet gourd leaves. Vietnam gac and crude palm oil have by far the highest content of ß-carotene of any known fruit or vegetable, 10 times higher than carrots for example. The most common side effect of excessive ß-carotene consumption is carotenodermia, a harmless condition that presents as a conspicuous orange skin tint arising from deposition of the carotenoid in the outermost layer of the epidermis. High doses of ß-carotene have been associated with increased rate of lung cancer among those who smoke. This new book gathers the latest research from around the globe in this field.
Modern Diagnostic X-Ray Sources
Gives an up-to-date summary of X-ray source design for applications in modern diagnostic medical imaging. Lays a sound groundwork for education and advanced training in the physics of X-ray production and X-ray interactions with matter. Includes a historical overview of X-ray tube and generator development, including key achievements leading up to the current technological and economic state of the field.
Tomosynthesis Imaging
An innovative, three-dimensional x-ray imaging technique that enhances projection radiography by adding depth resolution, Tomosynthesis Imaging explores tomosynthesis, an emerging limited-angle tomographic imaging technology that is being considered for use in a range of clinical applications, and is currently being used for breast cancer screening
Diet Quality of Americans
This book uses the most recently available data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2004) to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive picture of the diets of Food Stamp Program (FSP) participants in three age groups -- children 1-18 years old, adults 19-59 years old, and older adults 60 years and older. The book examines nutrient intakes, diet quality, and food choices. Data are presented for FSP participants and two groups of nonparticipants -- those who were income-eligible for the FSP but did not participate, and higher-income individuals who were not eligible for the FSP.
Spectral Computed Tomography
Computed tomography (CT) is a widely used x-ray scanning technique. In its prominent use as a medical imaging device, CT serves as a workhorse in many clinical settings throughout the world. It provides answers to urgent diagnostic tasks such as oncology tumor staging, acute stroke analysis, or radiation therapy planning. Spectral Computed Tomography provides a concise, practical coverage of this important medical tool. The first chapter considers the main clinical motivations for spectral CT applications. In Chapter 2, the measurement properties of spectral CT systems are described. Chapter 3 provides an overview of the current state of research on spectral CT algorithms. Based on this overview, the technical realization of spectral CT systems is evaluated in Chapter 4. Device approaches such as DSCT, kV switching, and energy-resolving detectors are compared. Finally, Chapter 5 summarizes various algorithms for spectral CT reconstructions and spectral CT image postprocessing, and links these algorithms to clinical use cases
Functional Neuroradiology
Functional Neuroradiology: Principles and Clinical Applications, is a follow-up to Faro and Mohamed’s groundbreaking work, Functional (BOLD)MRI: Basic Principles and Clinical Applications. This new 49 chapter textbook is comprehensive and offers a complete introduction to the state-of-the-art functional imaging in Neuroradiology, including the physical principles and clinical applications of Diffusion, Perfusion, Permeability, MR spectroscopy, Positron Emission Tomography, BOLD fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging. With chapters written by internationally distinguished neuroradiologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, cognitive neuroscientists, and physicists, Functional Neuroradiology is divid...
Introduction to Medical Image Analysis
This easy-to-follow textbook presents an engaging introduction to the fascinating world of medical image analysis. Avoiding an overly mathematical treatment, the text focuses on intuitive explanations, illustrating the key algorithms and concepts in a way which will make sense to students from a broad range of different backgrounds. Topics and features: explains what light is, and how it can be captured by a camera and converted into an image, as well as how images can be compressed and stored; describes basic image manipulation methods for understanding and improving image quality, and a useful segmentation algorithm; reviews the basic image processing methods for segmenting or enhancing ce...
Appetite and Nutritional Assessment
Appetite is the desire to eat food and it exists in all higher life-forms, and serves to regulate adequate energy intake to maintain metabolic needs. A person's nutritional assessment is an in-depth evaluation of both objective and subjective data related to the individual's food and nutrient intake, lifestyle, and medical history. The association of appetite, diet and nutrition with chronic disease such as diabetes has been well documented. This book presents a variety of topics on appetite and health. It highlights the complexity of accurately assessing dietary patterns and dietary needs. Also included is new research on the role of peptides in appetite control as well as a new approach in the thinking on why eating disorders occur.
