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Habituation describes the progressive decrease of the amplitude or frequency of a motor response to repeated sensory stimulation that is not caused by sensory receptor adaptation or motor fatigue. Habituation can occur in different time scales: habituation within a testing session has been termed short-term habituation, whereas habituation across testing sessions has been termed long-term habituation. Generally, the more spaced the stimuli for inducing habituation are presented (i.e. the slower habituation is induced), the longer it seems to take to recover the behavioural response to its initial magnitude. Habituation is opposed by behavioural sensitization, which is thought to be an indepe...
Reprint of the original, first published in 1875.
Comparative Psychology (second edition) is a core textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate courses in Comparative Psychology, Animal Behavior, and Evolutionary Psychology. Its main goal is to introduce the student to evolutionary and developmental approaches to the study of animal behavior. The structure of the book reflects the principal areas of importance to psychology students studying animal behavior: evolution, physiological issues, learning and cognition, development, and social evolution. Throughout, this text includes many examples drawn from the study of human behavior, highlighting general and basic principles that apply broadly to the animal kingdom.
This revised third edition provides an up to date, comprehensive overview of the field of comparative psychology, integrating both evolutionary and developmental studies of brain and behavior. This book provides a unique combination of areas normally covered independently to satisfy the requirements of comparative psychology courses. Papini ensures thorough coverage of topics like the fundamentals of neural function, the cognitive and associative capacities of animals, the development of the central nervous system and behavior, and the fossil record of animals including human ancestors. This text includes many examples drawn from the study of human behavior, highlighting general and basic principles that apply broadly to the animal kingdom. New topics introduced in this edition include genetics, epigenetics, neurobiological, and cognitive advances made in recent years into this evolutionary-developmental framework. An essential textbook for upper level undergraduate and graduate courses in comparative psychology, animal behavior, and evolutionary psychology, developmental psychology, neuroscience and behavioral biology.
The XXXII International Conference of the Spanish Society for Comparative Psychology has been organized by the Spanish Society of Comparative Psychology (SEPC), at the University of Almeria, on 21st, 22nd and 23rd September of 2022. The present work includes the abstracts of the different symposia, oral communications and poster sessions presented during the meetings. There were 2 plenary lectures about “Perceptual learning mechanisms and its implications for eating behavior” presented by Isabel de Brugada Sauras (University of Granada) and “Expanding the scope of associative learning models by incorporating the untidiness of natural stimuli” presented by Federico Sanabria and Cristina Santos (Arizona State University). Moreover, There were 30 symposia (divided into 7 sessions), 41 oral communications (divided into 8 sessions), and 55 posters (divided into 3 sessions). Finally, 21 people constituted the organizational committee and 27 people constituted the scientific committee.
The theory suggests that there is a structural similarity between certain basic brain forms and certain basic mind forms and that the former provide a credible explanation for the latter. It does not suggest that the causative link has been proved thereby. What is claimed is that in the jungle of brain-mind research (where fundamental physical evidence for speculation is often in short supply) the theory provides a scientifically and philosophically arguable clearing and thus a hypothesis worthy of investigation by anyone interested in the mysteries of human thought. One implication of the theory amounts to a central heresy - namely that, on the accumulating evidence, our traditional and much-cherished one-truth thinking conventions will need to be replaced by two truth thinking conventions.Another implication of the theory is that it now seems entirely possible that the emergence and nature of philosophy itself have been crucially dependent on our long human struggle to extract single responses from thinking equipment that appears necessarily (i.e. anatomically) double and circular - the double cycles being mutually inverted.