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The emergence of the state in Europe is a topic that has engaged historians since the establishment of the discipline of history. Yet the primary focus of has nearly always been to take a top-down approach, whereby the formation and consolidation of public institutions is viewed as the outcome of activities by princes and other social elites. Yet, as the essays in this collection show, such an approach does not provide a complete picture. By investigating the importance of local and individual initiatives that contributed to state building from the late middle ages through to the nineteenth century, this volume shows how popular pressure could influence those in power to develop new institut...
Este trabajo trata de dar una visión multidisciplinar y multifocal de una realidad llena de contrastes. El proceso de cambio que experimenta la ciudad de Braga desde su fundación romana hasta los momentos finales del siglo XV, resulta de gran interés para los investigadores del mundo urbano, ya sea desde una perspectiva arqueológica, documental o, lo que es preferible, desde aquella que combina ambos enfoques. Asimismo, aunque este estudio se centra exclusivamente en el caso bracarense, pretende ofrecer, a su vez, perspectivas nuevas que puedan ser aplicadas a otros ejemplos urbanos.
In this milestone work, William Fowler uses archaeology, history, and social theory to show that the establishment of cities was essential to Spanish colonialism. Fowler draws upon decades of archaeological research on the landscape, built environment, and architecture of Ciudad Vieja, a sixteenth-century site located in present-day El Salvador and the best-preserved Spanish colonial city in Latin America. Fowler compares Ciudad Vieja to other urban sites in the region and to the tradition of urbanism in early modern Spain to determine how the Spanish grid-plan layout was modified and implemented in the Americas. Using extensive archival material, Fowler describes how this layout reflected a...
This book surveys royal marriage cases to explore how popes dealt with the marriage problems of kings, especially dissolutions and dispensations.
In this volume, the authors bring fresh approaches to the subject of royal and noble households in medieval and early modern Europe. The essays focus on the people of the highest social rank: the nuclear and extended royal family, their household attendants, noblemen and noblewomen as courtiers, and physicians. Themes include financial and administrative management, itinerant households, the household of an imprisoned noblewoman, blended households, and cultural influence. The essays are grounded in sources such as records of court ceremonial, economic records, letters, legal records, wills, and inventories. The authors employ a variety of methods, including prosopography, economic history, visual analysis, network analysis, and gift exchange, and the collection is engaged with current political, sociological, anthropological, gender, and feminist theories.
This book explores the significance of gender in shaping the Portuguese-speaking world from the Middle Ages to the present. Sixteen scholars from disciplines including history, sociology, anthropology, linguistics, literature and cultural studies analyse different configurations and literary representations of women's rights and patriarchal constraints. Unstable constructions of masculinity, femininity, queer, homosexual, bisexual, and transgender identities and behaviours are placed in historical context. The volume pioneers in gendering the Portuguese expansion in Africa, Asia, and the New World and pays particular attention to an inclusive account of indigenous agencies. Contributors are: Darlene Abreu-Ferreira, Vanda Anastácio, Francisco Bethencourt, Dorothée Boulanger, Rosa Maria dos Santos Capelão, Maria Judite Mário Chipenembe, Gily Coene, Philip J. Havik, Ben James, Anna M. Klobucka, Chia Longman, Amélia Polónia, Ana Maria S. A. Rodrigues, Isabel dos Guimarães Sá, Ana Cristina Santos, and João Paulo Silvestre.
Cities of Strangers illuminates life in European towns and cities as it was for the settled, and for the 'strangers' or newcomers who joined them between 1000 and 1500. Some city-states enjoyed considerable autonomy which allowed them to legislate on how newcomers might settle and become citizens in support of a common good. Such communities invited bankers, merchants, physicians, notaries and judges to settle and help produce good urban living. Dynastic rulers also shaped immigration, often inviting groups from afar to settle and help their cities flourish. All cities accommodated a great deal of difference - of language, religion, occupation - in shared spaces, regulated by law. When this ...
Medicine and the Law in the Middle Ages offers fresh insight into the intersection between these two distinct disciplines. A dozen authors address this intersection within three themes: medical matters in law and administration of law, professionalization and regulation of medicine, and medicine and law in hagiography. The articles include subjects such as medical expertise at law on assault, pregnancy, rape, homicide, and mental health; legal regulation of medicine; roles physicians and surgeons played in the process of professionalization; canon law regulations governing physical health and ecclesiastical leaders; and connections between saints’ judgments and the bodies of the penitent. Drawing on primary sources from England, France, Frisia, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, and Spain, the volume offers a truly international perspective. Contributors are Sara M. Butler, Joanna Carraway Vitiello, Jean Dangler, Carmel Ferragud, Fiona Harris-Stoertz, Maire Johnson, Hiram Kümper, Iona McCleery, Han Nijdam, Kira Robison, Donna Trembinski, Wendy J. Turner, and Katherine D. Watson.
O objectivo da obra é o de apresentar arquivos muito pouco conhecidos, ou mesmo desconhecidos, interrogá-los e analisá-los à luz de novas perspectivas históricas e arquivísticas, descobrir as “vozes” de quem os produziu - e formular, assim, novas questões de investigação. Divide-se em três partes: “Recovering, reconstructing and (re)discovering family and personal archives”; “From a social, political and cultural history of the families to a social history of the archives”; “Public preservation and promotion of family and personal archives”.
Ante su identidad. La ciudad hispánica en la Baja Edad Media se inserta en el proceso de examen y reconstrucción de la realidad urbana en los reinos de la Península Ibérica en el período bajomedieval, específicamente desde parámetros de análisis de tipo identidad. Los estudios recogidos en esta obra persiguen el doble objetivo de comprender el fenómeno urbano (en sus aspectos político-identitarios) en una dimensión «panhispánica» capaz de presentar problemas coincidentes en distintas áreas políticas de la península,trascendiendo los análisis «regionales» y compartiendo respuestas de carácter más global; y de perseguir una más completa visión de estos problemas en el conjunto de la Península urbana, así como una ampliación del espectro de cuestiones susceptibles de análisis, enfatizando siempre el interés por un enfoque decididamente comparatista.