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X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray emission spectroscopy are complementary to crystallographic methods, particularly for materials science and the study of nanostructure and systems with partial disorder and partial local order, including solutions, gases, liquids, glasses and powders. This new volume of International Tables for Crystallography has nine parts and over 150 chapters contributed by a wide range of international experts. Part 1 provides a brief overview and introduction to the background of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and experimental facilities. Part 2 discusses the quantum theory of XAS and related approaches. Part 3 describes both standard and advanced experiment...
The proceedings of the VIIth International Symposium on the Scientific Bases for the Preparation of Heterogeneous Catalysts, are in line with the general scope of this series of events. Emphasis in all Symposia has been on the scientific aspects of the preparation of new and industrial catalysts, or on new methods of preparation, rather than on the catalytic reactions in which such solids are ultimately used. In the present context, the catalytic event itself has only been considered as another, though often decisive, method of catalyst characterization.
This book helps advanced undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral students in their daily work by offering them a compendium of numerical methods. The choice of methods pays significant attention to error estimates, stability and convergence issues as well as to the ways to optimize program execution speeds. Many examples are given throughout the chapters, and each chapter is followed by at least a handful of more comprehensive problems which may be dealt with, for example, on a weekly basis in a one- or two-semester course. In these end-of-chapter problems the physics background is pronounced, and the main text preceding them is intended as an introduction or as a later reference. Less stress is given to the explanation of individual algorithms. It is tried to induce in the reader an own independent thinking and a certain amount of scepticism and scrutiny instead of blindly following readily available commercial tools.
Nanomaterials are of current focus of research to the scientist and technologists due to their new, interesting and superior properties over the bulk material. The present chapter provides the basic knowledge of nanomaterials. The classification, properties and applications of nanomaterial are briefly discussed. The interest in synthesis and characterization of spinel ferrite nanomaterials has increased almost in last two decades. The work carried out by various researchers on synthesis, characterization and measurement of magnetic and electrical properties of spinel ferrites are reported systematically in literature survey. The aim of the present work is to synthesize spinel ferrite nano¬particles with different preparative conditions and study their structural, magnetic and other properties.
X-Ray Fluorescence in Biological Sciences Discover a comprehensive exploration of X-ray fluorescence in chemical biology and the clinical and plant sciences In X-Ray Fluorescence in Biological Sciences: Principles, Instrumentation, and Applications, a team of accomplished researchers delivers extensive coverage of the application of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in the biological sciences, including chemical biology, clinical science, and plant science. The book also explores recent advances in XRF imaging techniques in these fields. The authors focus on understanding and investigating the intercellular structures and metals in plant cells, with advanced discussions of recently developed micro-an...
This book is intended to help advanced undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral students in their daily work by offering them a compendium of numerical methods. The choice of methods pays significant attention to error estimates, stability and convergence issues, as well as optimization of program execution speeds. Numerous examples are given throughout the chapters, followed by comprehensive end-of-chapter problems with a more pronounced physics background, while less stress is given to the explanation of individual algorithms. The readers are encouraged to develop a certain amount of skepticism and scrutiny instead of blindly following readily available commercial tools. The second editio...
Major portion of the planet earth is covered by seas and oceans representing 96.5% of the planet’s water, playing a detrimental role in sustaining the plant including crop diversity and productivity for human consumption. Water resources contain both soluble and transition metals, which are easily absorbed by plants through roots as a first point of contact and subsequently play important physiological and biological functions in plants. Transition metals such as copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) contribute to the plant productivity by playing key functional roles in the photosynthesis. In addition, to their major role in regulating the plant productivity, they also play...
Mathematik in Physik und Technik ist ein Lehrbuch für Studenten der Physik und der Ingenieurwissenschaften, die an sich schon mit den Grundlagen der Mathematik vertraut sind, allerdings noch Schwierigkeiten haben, dieses mathematische Wissen auf konkrete Fragestellungen der Physik zu übertragen. Die vorliegende Aufgabensammlung frischt daher nicht nur latent Vorhandenes auf, sondern versucht, mathematische Methoden in Anlehnung an die Physik anschaulich darzustellen und einzuüben. Welche Rolle spielen Dimensionen, was darf vernachlässigt werden, wie kommt man zu sinnvollen mathematischen Modellen physikalischer Vorgänge? Eine wahre Fundgrube für jeden, der nicht nur Wissen sammeln, sondern auch tatsächlich lernen will, es umzusetzen.
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