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Leading international economists assess the effects of the 2004 expansion of the European Union. In May 2004 the European Union will undergo the largest expansion in its history when ten countries -- Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia -- become members. The number of new members and their diversity make this "big bang" enlargement particularly challenging. Not only do these countries vary widely in language, culture, and geography, but also their per capita income is less than half that of existing members. EU officials believe that expanded integration will serve the EU's objectives of peace, stability, prosperity, and demo...
Armies of Arabia is the first book to comprehensively analyze the armed forces of the Gulf monarchies. Zoltan Barany explains the conspicuous ineffectiveness of Gulf militaries with a combination of political-structural and sociocultural factors. Following a brief exposition on their historical evolution, he explores the region's six armies of the region comparatively, through the lenses of military politics, sociology, economics, and diplomacy. The book's themes come together in the last chapter that critically evaluates the Saudi and Emirati armed forces' record in the on-going war in Yemen.
Genocidal Conscription examines how some states have employed mandatory military service as a tool to capture and kill the victims of genocide by recruiting the perpetrators from other minorities, and shifting blame away from the state. The book highlights several unique intersections that connect military history, Holocaust studies, and genocide. The study details an original framework that encompasses intentions and outcomes of wartime casualties, Clausewitzian wastage, and genocidal massacres. Christopher Harrison traces and compares how two genocidal regimes at war – the Ottoman Empire during World War One and Axis-era Hungary in World War Two – implemented certain policies of milita...
Examining the increasingly relevant topic of public sector efficiency, this dynamic Handbook investigates the context of constrained fiscal space and public funding sources using cross-country datasets in areas including China, India and sub-Saharan Africa and OECD economies.
Scope: The classification of researchers and scientists in Greece in a unified list based on the citation impact and dissemination level of their scientific work according to Google Scholar database. Classification criteria: First criterion is h-index. In the case of equal h-index, the following scientometric indicators are used for the classification. The number of total citations, the i10-index, the total impact factor of scientist, the m-index or m-quotient of scientist. Information resource: The h-index, citations and i10-index derived from the public profiles of researchers in the Google Scholar database. In addition, the calculation of total impact factor and m-index of each researcher...
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods, SEFM 2017, held in Trento, Italy, in September 2017. The 17 full papers and 6 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 102 submissions. The papers deal with a large range of topics in the following research areas: new frontiers in software architecture; software verification and testing; software development methods; application and technology transfer; security and safety; and design principles.
National Service (NS) is one of Singapore's foundational public policies. First implemented by the British in 1954, amended in 1967 to provide a means to defend a fledgling independent nation, and codified into its present form in 1970, NS is a key pillar of Singapore's defence. Its significance, however, goes beyond defence. With over 1 million male Singapore citizens and permanent residents having served NS, and consequently involving many more — family members, friends, employers and colleagues — in different ways, NS is deeply woven into Singapore's political and social fabric. This volume brings together a range of scholarly perspectives on NS which explore its past, present and future in four sections: The history of NS, NS in practice, debates on NS and an international perspective. Comprising chapters by individuals from varied backgrounds, National Service in Singapore offers a broad account of one of Singapore's oldest public policies.
Contents Svetozar (Steve) Pejovich Socialism is Dead, Long Live Socialism Todd Sandler – Khusrav Gaibulloev Terrorism: Rationality, Externalities, and Policy Tom Means – Edward P. Stringham Unintended or intended consequences? The effect of below-market housing mandates on housing markets in California Matt E. Ryan The Evolution of Legislative Tenure in the United States Congress: 1789-2004 Alexander William Salter A Theory of the Dynamics of Entangled Political Economy with Application to the Federal Reserve Richard J. Cebula – Maggie Foley A Panel Data Study of the Effects of Economic Freedom, Regulatory Quality, and Taxation on the Growth Rate of Per Capita Real GDP M.A.G. van Meerhaeghe Mars, Mercurius, Athena. My first ninety years Symposium Domenico da Empoli Some Remarks on Preference Revelation for Public Goods Akira Yokoyama Constitutional Rules of Overlapping Taxation among Multi-tiered Governments Yong J. Yoon The Cost of Collectivizing Moral Goods Richard E. Wagner Public Finance without Taxation: Free-Riding as Institutional Artifact Reviews
With the words ?A new manifestation of art was ... expected, necessary, inevitable,? Jean Mor? announced the advent of the Symbolist movement in 1886. When Symbolist artists began experimenting in order to invent new visual languages appropriate for representing modern life in all its complexity, they set the stage for innovation in twentieth-century art. Rejecting what they perceived as the superficial descriptive quality of Impressionism, Naturalism, and Realism, Symbolist artists delved beneath the surface to express feelings, ideas, scientific processes, and universal truths. By privileging intangible concepts over perceived realities and by asserting their creative autonomy, Symbolist a...