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Akhir-akhir ini makin banyak temuan dan penelitian yang membuktikan bahwa penyakit infeksi cacing tidak hanya berkutat terjadi di kalangan manusia atau binatang tertentu saja, melainkan telah terjadi infeksi silang antara keduanya. Infeksi cacing pada hewan ternyata juga bisa terjadi pada manusia, dan sebaliknya infeksi cacing pada manusia juga bisa terjadi pada hewan. Baik hewan maupun manusia yang secara alami semula merupakan inang yang sebenarnya (definitive) atau inang perantara saja, ternyata dapat juga bertindak sebagai inang tumpangan (reservoir) ataupun inang yang terjadi secara kebetulan atau kecelakaan (incidental). Buku ini menceritakan siklus hidup dan transmisi dari masing-masing cacing yang menginfeksi manusia dan hewan, sehingga pembaca dapat mengetahui dan memahami bagaimana infeksi silang tersebut dapat terjadi.
Tropical peatlands are found mostly in South East Asia, but also in Africa and in Central and South America. They and peat-swamp forests store large amounts of carbon and their destruction, particularly through the development of plantations for oil palm and other forms of agriculture, releases large quantities of greenhouse gases which contribute to climate change. They are also complex and vulnerable ecosystems, home to great biodiversity and a number of endangered species such as the orang utan.The aim of this book is to introduce this little known but important and vulnerable ecosystem in a way that explains its long standing interaction with the global carbon cycle and how it is being d...
This book reviews various aspects of papaya genomics, including existing genetic and genomic resources, recent progress on structural and functional genomics, and their applications in papaya improvement. Organized into four sections, the volume explores the origin and domestication of papaya, classic genetics and breeding, recent progress on molecular genetics, and current and future applications of genomic resources for papaya improvement. Bolstered by contributions from authorities in the field, Genetics and Genomics of Papaya is a valuable resource that provides the most up to date information for papaya researchers and plant biologists.
Over the last decade, information and communication technologies (ICT) have been increasingly used to achieve development goals. Developing countries, including poorer ones, have enjoyed rapid technological progress to help pull millions of people out of poverty. ICTs help transform economic and social activities for firms, governments and citizens. Information and Communication for Development 2009: Scaling Up Impact, the second issue of the World Bank's IC4D series, focuses on the effect of increased access to advanced ICT services and development of a vibrant IT sector on sustaining growth.
Industrial Revolution 4.0 has dramatically changed the business and social landscape, including human behavior not only in advanced countries but also in emerging countries. Technology development affects many aspects in our society, including education. Distance learning, big data and analytics, artificial intelligent and many digital innovations have been released to improve better quality education in our society. These proceedings provide selected papers/research about innovative digital technology in education and pedagogy in Industrial revolution 4.0 covering issues like: pedagogy, education management, early childhood education, research in education, training and vocational education and social science education, earth science education and art/linguistic education related to digital innovation. This book provides details beyond what is possible to be included in an oral presentation and constitute a concise but timely medium for the dissemination of recent research results. It will be invaluable to professionals and academics in the field of education and pedagogy to get an understanding of recent research.
This volume explores corporate governance from three perspectives: a traditional economic, a philosophical, and an integrated business ethics perspective. Corporate governance has enjoyed a long tradition in the English-speaking world of management sciences. Following its traditional understanding it is defined as leadership and control of a firm with the aim of securing the long-term survival and viability of that firm. But recent business scandals and financial crises continue to provide ample cause for concern and have all fuelled interest in the ethical aspects. As a result, corporate governance has been criticized by many social groups. Economic sciences have failed to provide a clear definition of the corporate governance concept. Complexity increases if we embed the economic approach of corporate governance in a philosophical context. This book seeks to define the concept by examining its economic, philosophical and business ethics foundations.
This is an edited volume based on expanded versions of the best 30 papers presented at ETWC 2016 in Bali. Included are contributions from the keynote speakers of ETWC 2016: Robert Branch, Tian Belawati, Steve Harmon, Johannes Cronjé, Marc Childress, Mike Spector, Chairul Tanjung, and Rudiantara. The work is organized into the following sections: (a) Effective Technology Integration in Teaching and Learning, (b) Quality Design, Development and Implementation, (c) Innovation and Creativity in Distance Education, and (d) Open Access, Courses and Resources.