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Smallholder irrigation technology diffusion in Ghana: Insights from stakeholder mapping
Irrigated agriculture can support food and nutrition security, increase rural employment and incomes and can act as a buffer against growing climate variability and change. However, irrigation development has been slow in Africa south of the Sahara and Ghana is no exception. Out of a total potential irrigated area of close to 2 million ha, less than 20,000 ha large-scale irrigation and less than 200,000 ha of small-scale irrigation have been developed; but the latter is only an estimate. To identify entry points for accelerating small-scale irrigation development in Ghana, a national and a regional stakeholder Net-Map workshop were held in Accra and Tamale, respectively. The workshops sugges...
Nourishing millions: Stories of change in nutrition: Synopsis
In recent years, the world has seen unprecedented attention and political commitment to addressing malnutrition. Milestones such as the Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) Movement, the Lancet Maternal and Child Nutrition Series, and the Second International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2) have marked the rapid rise of nutrition on the global policy and research agenda. These developments reverse years of relative neglect for nutrition. Undernutrition is a global challenge with huge social and economic costs. It kills millions of young children annually, stunts growth, erodes child development, reduces the amount of schooling children attain, and increases the likelihood of their being poor as adults, if they survive. Stunting persists through a lifetime and beyond—underweight mothers are more likely to give birth to underweight children, perpetuating undernutrition across generations. Undernutrition reduces global gross domestic product by US$1.4–$2.1 trillion a year—the size of the total economy of Africa south of the Sahara.
Maximizing nutrition in crop production
Ghana’s agricultural sector plays a vital role in income generation, foreign exchange earnings, employment, and food security for over 70 percent of its people. Despite the significant role of the crop production sector, limited attention has been given to maximizing its potential to address food insecurity and malnutrition. For that reason, FAO, in collaboration with World Vision, has produced this guidance note on mainstreaming nutrition into the crop production sector using a food systems approach. This guidance note aims to inform national-level policymakers and key participants in the food system on the issues and opportunities relating to Ghana’s fruit and vegetable value chain, with a particular focus on smallholder households.
Nutrition-sensitive social protection programs within food systems
Investments in social assistance programs (SAPs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are increasing. As investments increase, the objectives of these programs are expanding from focusing on reducing poverty to addressing other social issues such as improving diets and nutrition. At the same time, there is increasing interest in addressing all forms of malnutrition within the framework of food systems. Given the intersections between SAPs and food systems, we reviewed the effectiveness of SAPs (agriculture asset transfers, cash transfers, in-kind transfers, vouchers, public works and school meals programs) for reducing all forms of malnutrition across the lifecycle within a food syste...
Ghana country brief: Understanding the differences between child stunting and anemia reduction and identifying outstanding challenges
In the past decade, Ghana has seen a significant reduction in stunting among children under five years of age. However, anemia only declined marginally over the same period, with the result that the rate of child anemia continues to be a severe public health emergency. These changes occurred within a socioeconomic context considered favorable for nutrition outcomes, marked by expansion and diversification of the economy, and investments in key infrastructure, healthcare, education, and water and sanitation. The Stories of Change in Nutrition study in Ghana aimed to better understand the changes in stunting and anemia between 2009 and 2018, as well as the potential drivers of these changes. Such findings can be used to inform agendasetting, implementation of existing policies, and future planning at national and subnational levels in Ghana. This study’s findings are important because both stunting and anemia are linked to significant adverse health and well-being impacts, particularly in low-income settings [1], and are listed among the global targets for nutrition for 2025 agreed by national ministers of health (including Ghana’s) at the World Health Assembly.
Kuenyehia on Entrepreneurship
'Kuenyehia on Entrepreneurship' is a ground-breaking resource for students of Entrepreneurship, focusing on local content from Ghana, one of the World's fastest growing economies. Part textbook, part reference book for enthusiasts of entrepreneurship, it adopts a multi-disciplinary approach, covering an amalgam of business subjects including human resource management, organizational behaviour, operations management, strategy, marketing, finance and law. Assuming no prior knowledge of business, it illustrates fundamental concepts with practical examples drawn from research conducted in Ghana, occasionally supplemented by anecdotes from global companies such as Apple and Google. Key to its uni...
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2012 Global Hunger Index
The 2012 Global Hunger Index (GHI) report--the seventh in an annual series--presents a multidimensional measure of global, regional, and national hunger. It shows that progress in reducing the proportion of hungry people in the world has been tragically slow. According to the index, hunger on a global scale remains "serious." The 2012 GHI report also focuses particularly on how to ensure sustainable food security under conditions of land, water, and energy stress. The stark reality is that the world needs to produce more food with fewer resources, while eliminating wasteful practices and policies.
The other Asian enigma
South Asia has long been synonymous with persistent and unusually high rates of child undernutritionthe so-called Asian enigma. Yet contrary to this stereotype, Bangladesh has managed to sustain a rapid reduction in the rate of child undernutrition for at least two decades. In this paper we aim to understand the sources of this unheralded success with the aspiration of deriving policy-relevant lessons from Bangladeshs experience. To do so we employ a regression analysis of five rounds of Demographic and Health Surveys covering the period from 1997 to 2011.
A Tale of Two Sectors
Recent empirical studies document that the level of resource misallocation in the service sector is significantly higher than in the manufacturing sector. We quantify the importance of this difference and study its sources. Conservative estimates for Portugal (2008) show that closing this gap, by reducing misallocation in the service sector to manufacturing levels, would boost aggregate gross output by around 12 percent and aggregate value added by around 31 percent. Differences in the effect and size of productivity shocks explain most of the gap in misallocation between manufacturing and services, while the remainder is explained by differences in firm productivity and age distribution. We interpret these results as stemming mainly from higher output price rigidity, greater labor adjustment costs and more informality in the service sector.
