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Pre-Mamom Pottery Variation and the Preclassic Origins of the Lowland Maya summarizes archaeological researchers’ current views on the adoption and first use of pottery across the Maya lowlands. Covering the early Middle Preclassic period, when communities began using and producing pottery for the first time (roughly 1000–600 BC), through to the establishment of a recognizably Maya tradition, termed the Mamom ceramic sphere (about 600–300 BC), the book demonstrates that the adoption was broadly contemporary, with variation in how the new technology was adapted locally. Analyzing ceramics found at sites in Belize, Petén (Guatemala), and Mexico, the contributors provide evidence that th...
Petrochronology is a rapidly emerging branch of Earth science that links time (ages or rates) with specific rock-forming processes and their physical conditions. It is founded in petrology and geochemistry, which define a petrogenetic context or delimit a specific process, to which chronometric data are then linked. This combination informs Earth’s petrogenetic processes better than petrology or geochronology alone. This volume and the accompanying short courses address three broad categories of inquiry. Conceptual approaches chapters include petrologic modeling of multi-component chemical and mineralogic systems, and development of methods that include diffusive alteration of mineral chem...
The conventional wisdom says that the devolution of Classic Maya civilization occurred because its population grew too large and dense to be supported by primitive neotropical farming methods, resulting in debilitating famines and internecine struggles. Using research on contemporary Maya farming techniques and important new archaeological research, Ford and Nigh refute this Malthusian explanation of events in ancient Central America and posit a radical alternative theory. The authors-show that ancient Maya farmers developed ingenious, sustainable woodland techniques to cultivate numerous food plants (including the staple maize);-examine both contemporary tropical farming techniques and the archaeological record (particularly regarding climate) to reach their conclusions;-make the argument that these ancient techniques, still in use today, can support significant populations over long periods of time.
Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry theme is a component of Encyclopedia of Chemical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The content of the Theme on Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry provides the essential aspects and a myriad of issues of great relevance to our world such as: Isotope Effects, Isotope Separation and Isotope Fractionation; Radiometric Dating and Tracing; Radiochemical Techniques; Radionuclides in Chemical Research; Nuclear Methods in Material Research; Radiation Chemistry; Radiation Biology and Radiation Protection; Radiochemistry and Radio...
Methods and Applications of Geochronology provides a comprehensive, practical guide to the rapidly developing field of geochronology. Chapters are written by leading experts in their specific field of geochronology and discuss practical information and 'rules of thumb' for establishing laboratories and using analytical equipment. Methods and Applications of Geochronology is an authoritative guide not only for the foundational principles of geochronological research, but also descriptions of analytical methods, guidance for sample selection, all the way to data reduction and presentation. - Features the latest techniques and recommended tools for each of the most common geochronological methods - Includes perspectives from a variety of well-respected researchers in the field, each representing different specialties of geochronology - Bridges the gap between theory and application, offering best practices and relevant case studies throughout
New and comprehensive sequencing of the ceramics in Guatemala's Holmul region provides answers to important questions in Maya archaeology. In this comprehensive and highly illustrated new study, authors Callaghan and Neivens de Estrada use type: variety-mode classification to define a ceramic sequence that spans approximately 1,600 years.
The contributions in this book explore several geologically significant sites and, in doing so, acknowledge and explore not just the geological exposures themselves, but also the people and issues that are fundamentally intertwined with the history of our science and its impact on our society. Through selective examples of outcrops and locales integral to the history of geology, we explore the evolution of modern geology, as well as the geodiversity and geoheritage of our planet. While the volume is far from comprehensive, the chapters contained herein detail a range for geoheritage value, scale of geoheritage sites and potential for geoheritage opportunities that will promote a broader, richer understanding of the complexity of the geoheritage of Earth. Importantly, many chapters offer a cautionary tale of sites almost lost to posterity and submit their take-away lessons for community mobilization towards geoheritage site protection.
An annotated bibliography of over 2,050 references associated with borate minerals from Death Valley, Mojave Desert, and Nevada. Sources include journal articles, papers, conference proceedings, books, book chapters, and other literature published from the 1860s into 2024. The bibliography is divided into 16 chapters: History, Boron and Borates, Chemistry and Crystal Structure, Mineralogy, Geology, California, Death Valley, Searles Lake, Mojave Desert, Kramer, Calico, Fort Cady, Tick Canyon, Ventura, Nevada, and Annual Reviews. Contains appendices of supplemental information on borate minerals, color photographs, and an alphabetical index of authors. 638 pages. Key words: borax, colemanite, kernite, probertite, and ulexite.
Over the past four decades, the volumes published in the landmark History of Cartography series have both chronicled and encouraged scholarship about maps and mapping practices across time and space. As the current director of the project that has produced these volumes, Matthew H. Edney has a unique vantage point for understanding what “cartography” has come to mean and include. In this book Edney disavows the term cartography, rejecting the notion that maps represent an undifferentiated category of objects for study. Rather than treating maps as a single, unified group, he argues, scholars need to take a processual approach that examines specific types of maps—sea charts versus thematic maps, for example—in the context of the unique circumstances of their production, circulation, and consumption. To illuminate this bold argument, Edney chronicles precisely how the ideal of cartography that has developed in the West since 1800 has gone astray. By exposing the flaws in this ideal, his book challenges everyone who studies maps and mapping practices to reexamine their approach to the topic. The study of cartography will never be the same.